The Pershing Square Building is a 24-story office tower built in 1923, located at the intersection of Park Avenue and 42nd Street in New York City. The building's addresses are listed as both 100 East 42nd Street and also 125 Park Avenue, and it occupies a position directly across the street from Grand Central Terminal.
The architect of this Romanesque Revival structure was John Sloan of the firm York and Sawyer, and Henry Mandel was the developer. It was erected on the site of the former Grand Union Hotel, and takes its name from the former public open space which was located below 42nd Street on Park Avenue, memorializing World War I general John J. Pershing. It rises from a square 7-storey base with 3-storey high decorative arches and continues in a u-shaped configuration to the top floor. The building is clad in beige brick and noted for the elaborate decoration designed by Sloan and produced by the Atlantic Terra Cotta Company. One of the figures at the fifth-floor level represents a Roman caduceator, or peace commissioner. He holds a caduceus in one hand as an emblem of office and, in the other, a cornucopia to suggest the benefits of a prospective peace.
Grand Central Terminal (GCT)—colloquially called Grand Central Station, or shortened to simply Grand Central—is a commuter rail terminal station at 42nd Street and Park Avenue in Midtown Manhattan in New York City, United States. Built by and named for the New York Central Railroad in the heyday of American long-distance passenger rail travel, it is the largest train station in the world by number of platforms: 44, with 67 tracks along them. They are on two levels, both below ground, with 41 tracks on the upper level and 26 on the lower, though the total number of tracks along platforms and in rail yards exceeds 100. The terminal covers an area of 48 acres (19 ha).
The terminal serves commuters traveling on the Metro-North Railroad to Westchester, Putnam, and Dutchess counties in New York State, and Fairfield and New Haven counties in Connecticut. Until 1991 the terminal served Amtrak, which moved to nearby Pennsylvania Station upon completion of the Empire Connection.
Although the terminal has been properly called “Grand Central Terminal” since 1913, many people continue to refer to it as “Grand Central Station,” the name of the previous rail station on the same site, and of the U.S. Post Office station next door, which is not part of the terminal. It is also sometimes used to refer to the Grand Central – 42nd Street subway station, which serves the terminal. It has been described as "the world's loveliest station". According to the travel magazine Travel + Leisure in its October 2011 survey, Grand Central Terminal is "the world's number six most visited tourist attraction", bringing in approximately 21,600,000 visitors annually.
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