No Paço do Terreiro [Lisboa]
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Português
A Praça do Comércio, mais conhecida por Terreiro do Paço, é uma
praça da Baixa de Lisboa situada junto ao Rio Tejo, na zona que foi
o local do palácio dos reis de Portugal durante cerca de dois
séculos.
Em 1511, o rei D. Manuel I
transferiu a sua residência do Castelo de São Jorge para este sítio
junto ao rio. Este palácio, bem como a sua biblioteca de 70.000
volumes, foram destruídos pelo terramoto de 1755. Na reconstrução,
a praça tornou-se no elemento fundamental do plano do Marquês de
Pombal. Os novos edifícios, com arcadas que circundam a praça,
foram ocupados por ministérios e serviços públicos, com excepção do
famoso café Martinho da Arcada, um dos preferidos de Fernando
Pessoa.
Após a Revolução de 1910 os
edifícios foram pintados a cor-de-rosa republicano. Contudo,
voltaram recentemente à sua cor original, o amarelo. O lado sul,
com as suas duas torres quadradas, está virado para o Tejo. Essa
foi sempre a entrada nobre de Lisboa e, nos degraus de mármore do
Cais das Colunas, vindos do rio, desembarcam chefes de estado e
outras figuras de destaque (como Isabel II de Inglaterra ou
Gungunhana). Ainda é possível experimentar essa impressionante
entrada em Lisboa nos cacilheiros, os barcos que ligam a cidade a
Cacilhas. Hoje, o espectáculo é prejudicado pelo trânsito na
Avenida da Ribeira das Naus, que corre ao longo da margem. No
centro da praça, vê-se a estátua equestre de D. José I, erigida em
1775 por Machado de Castro, o principal escultor português do
século XVIII. Ao longo dos anos, a estátua de bronze ganhou uma
patina verde. No lado norte da praça, encontra-se o Arco Triunfal
da Rua Augusta, é a entrada para a Baixa.
A 1 de Fevereiro de 1908, o rei D.
Carlos e seu filho Luís Filipe foram assassinados quando passavam
na praça. No dia 25 de Abril de 1974, a praça assistiu à Revolta do
Movimento das Forças Armadas, que derrubou o governo de Marcello
Caetano e o Estado Novo, numa revolução sem derrame de sangue. A
área serviu como parque de estacionamento durante os anos 90, mas
hoje este vasto espaço é usado para eventos culturais e
espectáculos.
English
The Praça do Comércio Commerce
Square) is located in the city of Lisbon, Portugal. Situated near
the Tagus river, the square is still commonly known as Terreiro do
Paço (Palace Square), because it was the location of the Royal
Ribeira Palace until it was destroyed by the great 1755 Lisbon
Earthquake. After the earthquake, the square was completely
remodelled as part of the rebuilding of the Pombaline Downtown
ordered by the Marquis of Pombal.
History
Urban development of the banks of
the Tagus (the Ribeira) was given a definitive impulse in the early
1500s, when King Manuel I built a new royal residence - the Ribeira
Palace - by the river, outside the city walls. The area was further
developed with the building of a port, ship building facilities
(the Ribeira das Naus) and other administrative buildings that
regulated the commerce between Portugal and other parts of Europe
and its colonies in Africa, Asia and America.
Statue of King José I, by Machado de
Castro (1775). The King on his horse is symbolically crushing
snakes on his path.On November 1, 1755, during the reign of King
José I, a great earthquake followed by a tsunami and fire destroyed
most of Lisbon, including the Ribeira Palace and other buildings by
the river. José I's Prime Minister, the Marquis of Pombal,
coordinated a massive rebuilding effort in the enlightened spirit
of the time. The Royal Palace was not to be rebuilt, and the square
was given a regular, rational arrangement in line with the
reconstruction of the new Pombaline Downtown, the
Baixa.
The large square (170 m by 170m) in
front of the Ribeira Palace, called Terreiro do Paço (Palace
Square), was rebuilt following the symmetrical design of Portuguese
architect Eugénio dos Santos. He designed a large, rectangular
square in the shape of an "U", open towards the Tagus river. The
buildings have galleries on their groundfloors, and the arms of the
"U" end in two large towers, reminiscent of the monumental tower of
the destroyed Ribeira Palace, still vivid in the architectonic
memory of the city. His plan was realised almost completely,
although decorative details were changed and the east tower of the
square and the Augusta Street Arch were only finished in the 19th
century.
The square was named Praça do
Comércio, the Square of Commerce, to indicate its new function in
the economy of Lisbon. The symmetrical buildings of the square were
filled with government bureaus that regulated customs and port
activities. The main piece of the ensemble was the equestrian
statue of King José I, inaugurated in 1775 in the centre of the
square. This bronze statue, the first monumental statue dedicated
to a King in Lisbon, was designed by Joaquim Machado de Castro,
Portugal's foremost sculptor of the time.
Opening towards the Augusta Street,
which links the square with the other tradicional Lisbon square,
the Rossio, the original project by Eugénio dos Santos planned a
triumphal arch, only realised in 1875. This arch, usually called
the Arco da Rua Augusta, was designed by Veríssimo da Costa. It has
a clock and statues of the Glory, Ingenuity and Valour (by the
French sculptor Camels) and those of Viriatus, Nuno Álvares
Pereira, Vasco da Gama and, of course, the Marquis of
Pombal.
Additional Hints (
Decrypt
)
Decryption Key
A|B|C|D|E|F|G|H|I|J|K|L|M
-------------------------
N|O|P|Q|R|S|T|U|V|W|X|Y|Z
(letter above equals below,
and vice versa)
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[PT] Ab znepb qb pbeervb irezryub. Frwnz zhvgb qvfpergbf!!! É hzn anabpnpur!
[ENG] Va gur erq cbfg znex. Or irel qvfperrg!!! Vg'f n anabpnpur!
(Decrypted Hints)
Find...
 ArcoDoTriunfoLisboa.jpg
EstatuaDJoseIemLisboa.jpg
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