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Srinivasa Iyengar Ramanujan (22 December 1887 – 26 April 1920) was an Indian mathematician and autodidact who, with almost no formal training in pure mathematics, made substantial contributions to mathematical analysis, number theory, infinite series and continued fractions. Ramanujan's talent was said by the English mathematician G.H. Hardy to be in the same league as legendary mathematicians such as Euler, Gauss, Newton and Archimedes.

In the beginning of the 20th century, the Ramanujan found many new formulas for pi, some remarkable for their elegance, mathematical depth and rapid convergence. One of his formulas is the series, where k! is the factorial of k.

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