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Hidden : 4/14/2009
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Procházka po Mladé Boleslavi a Kosmonosích A walk round Mladá Boleslav and Kosmonosy

Jirí Kroha

"Soucasná doba nehledá v architekture umení, tudíž je také v mnohých svých dílech nenalézá. To není ješte dukazem, že architektura není umením." Jirí Kroha
"The present time does not search art in architecture, therefore, it fails to find it in many of its works. This, however, is not a proof that architecture is not art." Jirí Kroha 


Tato cache je venována architektovi, jehož stavby výrazne ovlivnily tvár Mladé Boleslavi, Jirímu Krohovi.
* 05.06.1893 - Praha
† 07.06.1974 - Praha
Po absolvování techniky v roce 1916 vstoupil jako sochar a malír do Spolku výtvarných umelcu Mánes. Vystavoval v Mánesu, Verraikonu, s Tvrdošijnými, na Výstave drobného umení, Výstave dekorativního umíní v Paríži a. j. Venoval se také teoreticky i prakticky divadlu, navrhl scénické výpravy pro Národní a Stavovské divadlo v Praze. V letech 1920-25 byl ve službách Zemského správního výboru v Praze. V té dobe v Mladé Boleslavi vznikly podle jeho návrhu na dve desítky realizací (Zemská prumyslová škola, Okresní nemocenská pokladna, Státní domy, prístavba a prestavby Okresní nemocnice, obchodního domu Pavla Gellnera, hotelu Venec, dále cástecná regulace a železobetonový most v Kralupech, Okresní dum v Nových Benátkách a další stavby v regionu). Jím koncipovaná Výstava severních Cech (1927) vyvolala velkou odezvu v celé republice. Roku 1925 byl Kroha jmenován mimorádným, o ctyri roky pozdeji rádným profesorem Ceské vysoké školy technické v Brne, kam se roku 1928 definitivne prestehoval.
V Brne Jirí Kroha pusobil po významnou cást svého života a po jeho smrti v roce 1974 zakoupilo cást jeho pozustalosti Muzeum mesta Brna. Pozdeji muzeum získalo její další podstatnou cást, takže dnes vlastní rozsáhlý komplex del, návrhu a dokumentu, který zachycuje architektonické, malírské i scénografické dílo.

This cache is devoted to Jirí Kroha, the architect whose structures have significantly affected the image of Mladá Boleslav.
* 05.06.1893 – in Praha
† 07.06.1974 – in Praha
After graduation from the Czech Technical University in 1916, Kroha, a sculptor and painter, joined The Manes Association of Fine Artists. He exhibited in Mánes, Verraikon, together with the Tvrdošijní Group, at the Exhibition of Small Art Works, the Exhibition of Decorative Arts in Paris etc. He was also engaged as a scene designer working for the National Theatre and the Estates Theatre in Prague. In 1920-25, he worked for the County Administration Committee in Prague. During that time, over twenty projects based on his designs were constructed in Mladá Boleslav (County School of Engineering, County Health Insurance, state houses, extension and reconstruction of County Hospital, Pavel Gellner Store, Venec Hotel, reinforced concrete bridge in Kralupy, County House in Nové Benátky and other structures within the region). The Exhibition of North Bohemia (1927) devised by him provoked considerable response all over the country. In 1925, Kroha was appointed external, and four years later, regular professor at The University of Technology in Brno, where he settled for good in 1928.
Brno became the scene of Jirí Kroha’s creative activities for the greater part of his life, and after his death in 1974 part of his inheritance was purchased by the Brno City Museum. Another major part of the inheritance was obtained by the Brno City Museum later so that the Museum presently owns an extensive complex of works of art, designs and documents describing Kroha’s creations in the field of architecture, painting and scenography.

Díky svému povahovému založení procházel tento umelec mnoha talentu behem svého života složitým názorovým vývojem. Od fukcionalismu, k nemuž se priblížil práve na konci 20. let, se vždy odlišoval durazem na plasticitu, barevností i množstvím detailu, které mely svuj puvod v kubistické ére jeho tvorby. Po své návšteve tehdejšího SSSR v roce 1930 se stal vášnivým propagátorem socialismu, socialistického realismu a moderní sovetské bytové výstavby, o níž veril, že se v ní realizují predstavy levicových umelcu o budoucnosti. V roce 1934 byl za verejnou propagaci sovetského státu suspendován z místa profesora a odsouzen k nekolika mesícum vezení. Koncem 30. let se ale pridal na stranu kritiku stalinského režimu, jako svobodymyslný duch vycítil, nakolik omezoval svobodu umeleckého projevu.
Významná je i Krohova cinnost vedecká a teoretická. Stejne jako jeho prítel Karel Teige také on se zabýval sociologií architektury. K výsledkum tohoto zájmu patrí i Sociologický fragment bydlení - rozsáhlý soubor koláží, které prinášely srovnávací obraz bydlení ruzných sociálních skupin pred válkou. Tento fragment zustává pres jistou prvoplánovost jedinecným svedectvím doby a jako žádaný exponát putuje dodnes po svetových výstavách.
Na brnenskou fakultu se Jirí Kroha vrátil v roce 1937, znova byl ale propušten už dva roky nato. V zárí 1939 ho jako jednoho z dvou set predstavitelu ceské kultury zatklo gestapo. Jako rukojmí byl transportován do koncentracních táboru Dachau a Buchenwald (spolu s Emilem Fillou, Ferdinandem Peroutkou, Josefem Capkem a dalšími). Byl ve velmi špatném zdravotním stavu, na nátlak Cerveného kríže se proto v roce 1940 mohl vrátit domu. Po roce 1948 se aktivne zapojil do budování socialistické architektury. Také díky své predválecné levicové minulosti se stal prominentní osobností režimu, venoval se urbanismu a znovu prošel nekolika názorovými stadii - propagoval socialistický realismus a historismus a v tomto stylu projektoval napr. socialistické mestecko Nová Dubnica, dostavbu sídlište Stalingrad - Belský Les v Ostrave aj. V 60. letech se naopak znova prihlásil k meziválecné avantgarde a navázal kontakty s neosurrealisty, bojoval proti panelovému pojetí výstavby.  Cerpáno z archiweb.cz, brno.cz, bydleni.cz

Thanks to his intellectual disposition, this artist of many talents went through a complicated ideological development during his life. From functionalism, to which he approached at the end of the 1920s, he always differed by an emphasis on plasticity, variety of colour and multiple details, which had originated during the cubist era of his activity. After his visit to the Soviet Union in 1930, he became an ardent propagator of socialism, socialist realism and modern Soviet housing development; he believed it was the incarnation of the leftist artists’ ideas of the future. In 1934, he was suspended from his position of professor for public propagation of the Soviet state and sentenced to several months in prison. At the end of the 1930s, however, he joined the critics of Stalin’s regime as his freedom-loving spirit could feel how it limited the freedom of artistic creativity.
Kroha's scientific and theoretical activity is also worth mentioning. Like his friend, Karel Teige, he devoted himself to sociology of architecture. Among his achievements in this area, there is the Sociological Fragment on Habitation – an extensive set of collages presenting a comparative picture of dwellings for various social groups before the war. This fragment remains a unique testimony of its time and is still a popular exhibit travelling around world exhibitions.
In 1937, Jirí Kroha returned to the Brno University of Technology, but two years later he was dismissed again. In September 1939, he was among the two hundred representatives of Czech culture arrested by the Gestapo. He was transported to the Dachau and Buchenwald concentration camps as a hostage (together with Emil Filla, Ferdinand Peroutka, Josef Capek and others). Being in very poor health, due to the Red Cross campaign, he was allowed to return home in 1940. After 1948, he took an active part in the creation of socialist architecture. Partly thanks to his pre-war leftist past, he became a prominent personality of the regime, devoted himself to urban planning and, once again, went through several stages of opinion development – promoting socialist realism and historicism he designed e.g. the socialist town of Nová Dubnica, extension of the housing estate of Stalingrad - Belský Les in Ostrava etc. In the 1960s, on the contrary, he newly adopted the ideas of the Avant-Garde from between the wars and established contacts with neosurrealists, fought against the concept of prefabrication in construction. Sources:  archiweb.cz, brno.cz, bydleni.cz.
  

STAGE1: Nase putovani s Jirim Krohou zacneme v Kosmonosich u dvou vil postavenych v roce 1926 pro uredniky Zemskeho ustavu choromyslnych. Obe vily jsou opatreny letopoctem 19xy. x+y=C. Horní dum má císlo popisné 4D0.
STAGE2:  Druhá zastavka je na Starem Meste. Hotel Venec (Grand) byl prestaven dle Krohova navrhu, stejne jako naproti stojici Gellneruv dum. Pocet oken na strese hotelu + pocet psacich potreb na Gellnerove dome = F.
STAGE3:
Okresni nemocenska pojistovna v Mlade Boleslavi z roku 1925 zmenila nekolikrat svuj ucel, mistni zde pamatuji polikliniku. Jeji puvod pripomina pametni deska. Od poctu vsech osob uvedených na desce odectete deset a dostenete císlici E.
STAGE4: Nejrozsahlejsi stavbou je Prumyslova skola. Jeji clenity interier vedl ke vzniku povesti o ztracenych studentech a o povalujicich se kosternich pozustatcich v zakoutich bludiste. Kdo budovou nekdy prochazel, uzna, ze to vubec nemusi byt vymyslene. Vy vstup riskovat nebudete, staci, kdyz najdete sochu kovare a od poctu písmen na jejím podstavci odectete pocet císlic a mate A.
STAGE5: Poslední zastavka je u byvale detske nemocnice, puvodne Dum okresni sociálni pece, 1925 (to bylo staveb v tom roce). Povsimnete si naproti nove postavene vily, jakoby z Krohova atelieru vypadla. Vy však spoctete smrky pred skutecnou Krohovou stavbou B.

STAGE1: Our walk with Jiri Kroha starts in Kosmonosy at two villas built in 1926 for the officers of the County Insane Asylum. Both villas bear the year 19xy. x+y=C. The upper house has the street number 4D0.
STAGE2: The second stop is in the Old Town. Both Venec (Grand) Hotel and the opposite standing Gellner's House were rebuilt according to Kroha's design. The number of windows on the hotel roof + the number of writing aids on Gellner's House = F.
STAGE3: The County Health Insurance in Mlada Boleslav from 1925 has changed its function several times, the locals remember it as a policlinic. Its original purpose is described on a memorial plague. By subtracting ten from the number of all persons mentioned on the plague you get digit E.
STAGE4: The largest structure is the School of Engineering. Its highly articulated interior design solution gave rise to a rumour about lost students and scattered bone remains lying in the dark corners of this maze. Those who have ever been inside agree that there is some truth in it. You will not risk entering the building, all you need to do is to find a statue of a blacksmith, and by subtracting the number of digits from the number of letters on its plinth you get A.
STAGE5: The last stop is outside the former children's hospital, originally the County Social Care House of 1925 (so many structures built in this year!). Opposite, there is a new villa very much reminding in style Kroha's design studio. Your task, however, is to count the spruce trees in front of the real Kroha's structure = B.
 


Cílová cache je na souradnicích N50 25.ABC E14 54.DEF
Pro kontrolu: ciferný soucet (ABCDEF) je delitelný peti.
Cache je urcena na "kosticky" ze stavebnic.

The final stage of the cache is hidden at the coordinates N50 25.ABC E14 54.DEF
For check: the sum of digits (ABCDEF) is divisible by five.
The cache is for "blocks" from building kits.

Additional Hints (Decrypt)

[CZ] Yrmvz gv h abubh [EN] ylvat ng lbhe srrg

Decryption Key

A|B|C|D|E|F|G|H|I|J|K|L|M
-------------------------
N|O|P|Q|R|S|T|U|V|W|X|Y|Z

(letter above equals below, and vice versa)