Vita mortuorum in memoria est posita vivorum.
Cicero, Philippicae 9,5,10
Življenje mrtvih je v spominu živih.
The life of the dead is placed in the memory of the living.
(SI) Dediščina Rimljanov v Ljubljani je zelo bogata in nova izkopavanja v zadnjih letih so dala številne nove odgovore o rimski Emoni, vendar je predhodnica današnje prestolnice še vedno ovita v tančico skrivnosti. Odkrijte nekatere njene skrivnosti! Ta zaklad vas popelje v sam center rimskega mesta Emona, obisk pa lahko povežete z obiskom drugih "Emonskih zakladov".
(EN) Roman influence can still be seen on every corner of modern Ljubljana center. Excavations in last few years offered a lot of new clues about the Roman Emona, but the ancestor of todays' Ljubljana is still shrouded in a veil of mystery. Reveal some of it secrets by visiting the Colonia Iulia Æmona caches.
Colonia Iulia Æmona geozakladi / geocaches:
Colonia Iulia Æmona - FORUM / The Forum
SI:
Srce vsakega rimskega mesta je bil forum (mestni trg), ki je bil osrednji kraj za trgovanje, obenem pa tudi versko in upravno središče. Na forumu so lahko prebivalci Emone in obiskovalci opravljali daritve v templju, se udeleževali javnih shodov, tu so se srečevali člani mestnega sveta, na tem mestu sta stala arhiv in mestna zakladnica ter številne trgovinice in lokali. Na forumu je bilo mogoče videti tudi kipe cesarjev in pomembnih emonskih meščanov, vsem na ogled pa so bili postavljeni tudi državni zakoni.
V rimskih mestih je bil forum v začetku preprost odprt prostor, kjer so meščani trgovali ter se zbirali ob javnih shodih. Okoli pravokotnega trga so postopoma zgradili veliko dvorano za javne shode (comitium), za mestni svet (curia), arhive (tabularium), zakladnico (aerarium) ter odprte kolonade, pod katerimi so našle prostor trgovine (tabernae).
V antični Emoni je bil to prostor, na katerem se je cardo maximus (glavna povezava v smeri sever-jug) dotikal vzhodnega roba foruma in vodil do križišča z glavno mestno ulico, decumanus maximus.
Forum, osrednji pravokotni trg antične Emone, je stal ob današnjem križišču Slovenske in Rimske ceste. Razprostiral se je med Igriško ulico na zahodu, Rimsko na jugu in Gregorčičevo na severu. Na forumu so, poleg večjega templja, po ustaljenem običaju, stali kipi cesarja in pomembnih meščanov, objavljani so bili državni dekreti in zakoni. V Emoni je tempelj domnevno stal tam, kjer je gostilna Pod lipo. Zanimivo je tudi to, da je zaradi pomanjkanja prostora na Emonskem forumu bila mestna hiša (curio) prislonjena na baziliko. Ostanki obeh stavb so vidni v Jakopičevi galeriji.
Emonski forum je bil v preteklosti že deloma raziskan, v Jakopičevi galeriji pa si je možno ogledati del temeljev bazilike in rotunde, ki ju je v šestdesetih letih prešnjega stoletja raziskovala dr. Ljudmila Plesničar Gec.
Arhitekt Edvard Ravnikar je v osemdesetih letih 20. stoletja na območju nekdanjega foruma zasnoval stanovanjsko sosesko Ferantov vrt. Med bloke je postavil ploščad, ki simbolizira nekdanji odprti prostor foruma. V rimskem času so bile ob robu foruma arkade s trgovinami, gostišči in upravnimi stavbami, danes pa je na območju nekdanjega emonskega foruma, stavbni sklop. Edvard Ravnikar je obliko Emonskega foruma je upošteval tako v oblikovanju posameznih stavbnih gmot kot tudi v prikazu arheoloških ostankov. Ferantov vrt sestavljajo štiri enote, razporejene po obodu zemljišča. Skupaj z obstoječo zazidavo ob Rimski ulici tvorijo programsko mešan kare. V enotah ob Rimski, Gregorčičevi in Slovenski cesti se nad javnim programom v pritličju in ponekod višje dvigajo različno visoki stanovanjski deli. Nad nivo ulice dvignjena enota ob Slovenski razkriva ostanke rimske Emone njena fasada pa izrisuje obliko rimske bazilike. Dvorišče kareja je prehoden javni park, pod katerim so garaže; na zahodni strani ga obroblja paviljon.
EN:
The heart of every Roman city was a forum (a town square), which was a focal location for trading, as well as the religious and administrative centre of the city.
The Roman Forum (Rimski forum) in ancient Emona's was a rectangular central square occupying the site next to the junction between the present Slovenska cesta and Rimska cesta roads. It stretched between the Igriška ulica street on the west, Rimska cesta road on the south and Gregorčičeva ulica street on the north. Following the tradition of Roman forums, Emona's Forum provided space for a relatively large temple, believed to have been located on the site of the present restaurant Pod lipo, and statues of the emperor and influential citizens of the time. It was the place where state laws and decrees were announced.
Roman Forums generaly included a big hall for public gatherings (comitium), city council office (curia), archive (tabularium), vault (aerarium) and open passages where shops (tabernae) were located. There was also a basilica.
Forum in Emona mostly had a same layout. Marked difference in the Emona forum has been a location of the city council office (curia). Due to a lack of space Curia has been leaning on a Basilica. Remains of both buildings can be seen in the Jakopičeva gallery, while the shape of the Roman basilica is depicted in the building facade.
On the location of the Emona Forum one can find today a building complex that was designed by an architect Edvard Ravnikar in 1975. Ravnikar included the shape of the Emona forum in a design of the individual buildings and of the whole complex. Compex is named Ferant garden and it is composed of 4 units, which are situated around the garden (forum).
From the external side of the complex one of the units, which is elevated above the Slovenska road, reveals a shape of Roman Basilica, while the Jakopičeva gallery below houses a display of the remains of Emona's administrative headquarters, which include a part of an administrative building with an apsis, an unfinished copy of the capital of one of the columns from the Forum's inner colonnade, and the east side of a rotunda, whose cylindrical outer wall makes part of the gallery's facade.
Tvoja naloga / Your task
SI:
1. Pošlji mi sledeči podatek:
Do vhoda v Jakopičevo galerijo (referenčna točka 1) vodijo stopnice, ki imajo dva podesta in končni nivo vhoda v galerijo.
Kolikokrat moraš stopiti navzdol s prvega podesta na drugi podest in kolikokrat iz drugega do vhoda v galerijo?
Za lažje štetje lahko navedem, da moraš z nivoja ceste sestopiti 8x, da dosežeš prvi podest.
2. Posnemite fotografiji vsaj dela sebe in/ali svoje GPS naprave (ni nujno, da je na slikah viden vaš obraz):
- na "rimskem forumu" - torej v javnem parku Ferantovega vrta (lokacija virtualnega zaklada)
- ter na poljubni lokaciji (v okolici referenčne točke 2) kjer bo v ozadju viden obris Bazilike zarisane v stavbi
Obe slliki objavite v dnevniškem zapisu. Po želji lahko v vaš zapis dodate tudi kakšen rimski pregovor ali stavek, ki vam ali vaši geolovski ekipi nekaj pomeni.
EN:
1. Send me the following information:
Enterance to Jakopičeva Galerija (refrence point 1) is below the street level. There are three sets of stairs leading down.
How many times you have to step down from the first landing to the second stairs landing and how many times you have to step down from the second stairs landing to reach the level of the gallery entrance.
To make the counting easier note that from the street level you have to step down 8 times to reach the fist stairs landing. Below there is still one stair landing before you reach the level of gallery entrance (thus - two sets of stairs).
2. Take two photos of at least part of yourself and/or your GPS device (Your face doesn't need to be in the photo)
- on the location of the "roman forum" (location of the virtual cache), which shape is preserved within the publicly accessible Ferant garden.
- somewhere around the location of the reference point 2. Note that a shape of the Basilica (hidden within the facade) should be seen in the background.
Attach both pictures to your log. If you would like, you can also add to your log some interesting Roman saying or a Latin sentence that is close to your hart.
Virtual Reward - 2017/2018
This Virtual Cache is part of a limited release of Virtuals created between August 24, 2017 and August 24, 2018. Only 4,000 cache owners were given the opportunity to hide a Virtual Cache. Learn more about Virtual Rewards on the Geocaching Blog.