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Altxor honek Irati inguruan kokatuta dagoen Orbaitzetako arma ola ezagutzeko aukera ematen dizu. This cache gives you the oportunity to visit Orbaitzeta's iron works, located in Irati Forest.
EUSKARAZ
Aezkoako Olaz dauden lehenengo datuak, 1432koak dira. Orduan, Nafarroako Erreginak zenbait lekutan burdin-olak egiteko baimena eman zuen, eta horien artean Legartzan (Olatik gorago) ere.
1781. urtean, Eugiko olaren errekurtsoak bukatzen ari zirenez, Aezkoako burdin-olan handitzea aztertzea erabaki zuten. Dokumentu faltsuak erabiliz, eta bertakoek gaztelania menperatzen ez zutela probestuz, alkoholik falta ez zen bazkari baten ondoren eta interesatu baten laguntzarekin, errege Espainiarren ordezkariak burdin-ola eta inguruko mendien zesioa lortu zuen. Aipatutako zesioak 200 urtetarako bazen ere, olak 100 bakarrik iraun zuen (1784-1884).
Urteetan Aezkoak abokatuen bidez, Madrilera joan zen bere mendi eta basoen berreskuratzearen alde borrokatzeko. 1851. urtean Nafarroako justizian ordinarioan saiatu zen ere, baino arrakastarik gabe. Madrileko parlamentuan saiatzen jarraitu zen arana, baino ezertxo ere lortu gabe. 36ko gerrak erabat itxi zuen berreskuratzeko aukera. 1975-79 urteetan, azkenik, Aezkoa entzuna izan zen, eta bere baso eta mendiak herritarrei bueltatu zizkieten 1979-82 urteetan.
Orbaitzetako arma olaren hondakinak arkeologia industrialaren altxorra dira. Garai bateko eta munduaren gaineko kontzeptu bat aztertzeko aukera ematen du. Ilustrazioren (XVIII. mendea) eraginpean eraiki zen ola. Hortaz, ekoizpenaren mesederako langileen erosotasuna lortu nahi zen. Arma ola benetako herrixka zen, hiri txikia Iratiko pagadi piriniarraren erdian. Erdigunean, eliza eta jauregia zeuden, eta bazeuden hainbat etxe mota, gizarte mailaren arabera. Bertan, langileen eta teknikari espezializatuen artean, 50-150 inguru ziren.
Ia XIX. mendeko gerra nagusi guztiek (Konbentzio gerrak, karlistaldiak...) eragin handia izan zuten bai arma olan bai ibarreko herrietan. Urtetan munizioa, eta noizbehinka kainonak ere, ekoiztu ondoren, kalitateko burdina ekoizten bukatu zuen. 1869. urtetik aurrera, sute bat jasan ondoren, aurrera joan ezinik ibili zen. Azkenik 1884 Labe Garaien indarra zela eta, ateak itxi zituen.
Behin betiko itxi zutenetik, arma ola hondatu egin da gutxika gutxika. Hala eta guztiz ere, oraindik ere atal batzuk ikus daitezke: labeak, Legartza ibaiaren kanalizazioa, eliza, jauregia eta abar. Gaur, Aezkoak bere mendiak berreskuratu dituela, bere Ola zaharberritzea nahi du. 2007, urtean Interes Kulturaleko Ondarea izendatu dute, XVIII. mendeko arkitekturaren altxor bat delako.
Altxorra inguruko Axurako Iturrian aurkituko duzue. Bertara iristeko parkinetik irten eta bi bidegurutzea pasa behar dituzue.
OHARRA: berreskuratzeko proiektua prestatu arte, hondatzeko arriskuan dago eta beraz, Olako beheko aldera joanez gero KONTU HANDIZ ibili behar da
ENGLISH
The first information on Aezkoa's iron works is from 1432. At that time the Queen of Navarre gave permission for building several iron works, including the one located in Legartza.
In 1781, as the resources in Eugi were extinguishing, the expansion of Aezkoa's iron works was studied. Using false documents, taking advantage that the inhabitants didn't speak Spanish very well, and under the effects of a lunch with lots of alcohol, the Spanish King obtained the transfer of the works and the surrounding mountains. Although the transfer was for 200 years, the works only survived 100 years (1784-1884).
Aezkoa Valley spent a lot of money on lawyers and trips to Madrid, fighting to get their lands back. In 1851, they even tried in ordinary court of Navarre, without any success. The 36's war closed any chance to get them back. Between 1975-79, Aezkoa was finally listened, and its inhabitants got their lands and mountains back in 1979-82.
The rests of Orbaitzeta's iron works are a treasure of the industrial archaeology. It gives the opportunity to study the concept of the world at that time. The works were built under the effect of the French “Ilustration”, so the welfare of the workers was of high importance, in order to improve the yield of the production. The place was a real village: a small town in the middle of Irati Forest. The church and the Palace were in the middle of the town, and there were several houses where the workers and the technicians lived.
Almost all relevant war of the 19th Century have affected the valley. After manufacturing munition and even some cannons for years, good quality iron was manufactured in its last years. Finally, due to the “power” of the Altos Hornos it was closed down.
Since it was definitively closed, the place has been degradating gradually. However, some parts of it are still visible: furnaces, canal of the river, the church, the palace... Aezkoa got the lands back, and now they want to remodel the iron works. It was declared Site of Cultural Interest in 2007, as it's a treasure of the 18th century architecture.
The cahe is situated in a nearby spring, called Axurako Iturria. In order to get there, you can start at the parking spot and follow two crossroads.
NOTE: until the remodelling project starts the buildings are in very bad conditions. So, WATCH OUT if the low part of the works are visited.
Additional Hints
(Decrypt)
EUSKARAZ
Hen ngrengmra qra yrxhgvx tregh.
ENGLISH
Pybfr gb jurer gur jngre pbzrf sebz.