[SK]: Cyklotron je zariadenie na urychlovanie castic s elektrickym nabojom. Castice sa pohybuju vo velmi silnom magnetickom poli, ktore udrzuje castice na kruhovej trajektorii. Urychlenie nastava pri prechode castice z jednej komory do druhej, medzi ktorymi je elektricke pole. Po kazdom obehu sa polomer trajektorie castice zvacsi a pole medzi komorami je prepolovane pouzitim vysokofrekvencneho generatora. Viacnasobnym obehom sa castica urychli na pozadovanu kineticku energiu.
Cyklotrony sa na pociatku vyuzivali pri experimentoch vo fyzike, neskôr aj v medicine najma pri diagnostike a liecbe rakoviny. Urychlene zvazky ionov sa pouzivaju na nicenie rakovinotvornych buniek, protonovu terapiu oka, alebo na vyrobu rôznych izotopov. Tieto sa nasledne podavaju pacientom, ktory môzu podstupit vysetrenie na pozitronovej emisnej tomografii (PET).
Myslienka vytvorit Cyklotronove centrum SR v ramci Slovenskeho metrologickeho ustavu vznikla uz v roku 1996. V roku 1999 vydala vlada uznesenie o vystavbe z prostriedkov zadlzenosti Ruskej federacie voci SR. V rokoch 2002 – 2004 prebehla vystavba hlavneho objektu cyklotronu a rekonstrukcia pavilonov pre pomocne prevadzky.V priestoroch ustavu sa nachadza iba mensi cyklotron Cyclone 18/9 (18 MeV). Velky cyklotron DC 72 (72 MeV), ktory bol vyrobeny v Dubne pri Moskve, stale caka v sklade a mal byt dodany na Slovensko a instalovany do konca roka 2009.
Edit: 9/6/2016 Koniec cyklotronoveho centra, ktore nikdy nezacalo fungovat, je definitivny. "Je to 25 rokov nerieseny problem. Podarilo sa ho uzavrieť tak, že zostatkova hodnota odhadovaná priblizne na 1,7 miliona eur bude kompenzovaná studiom 200 studentov doktorandskeho studia na spickovych univerzitach v Ruskej federacii v hodnote 16 milionov eur," povedal minister skolstva Peter Plavcan. Podla dohody Slovensko vyrobene zariadenia pre cyklotronove centrum prenecha ruskemu ustavu na dalsie vyuzitie.
[EN]: Cyclotron is particle acceleration device. Charged particles are moving in strong magnetic field, which keep them following circular path. Acceleration is applied when particle pass electric field in gap between two electrode chambers. After each circulation, the radius of the particle trajectory becomes larger and the field polarity between the chambers is reversed using high frequency generator. Multiple circulation accelerate the particles to the required kinetic energy.
Cyclotrons were used in experiments in physics, later in medicine, mainly for the diagnosis and treatment of cancer. Accelerated ion beams are used to kill cancerous cells, in proton therapy of the eye, or in the production of various isotopes. These are subsequently given to patients which are examinated using positron emission tomography (PET).
The idea of creating Cyclotron Centre of Slovak Republic within the Slovak Institute of Metrology was established already in 1996. In 1999 the government issued a resolution concerning the construction financed by debt resources of the Russian Federation towards the SR. Main building and cyclotron pavilion were built since 2002 till 2004. Inside the Institute is currently located only small cyclotron CYCLONE 18 / 9 (18 MeV). Big DC 72 cyclotron (72 MeV), which was produced in Dubna near Moscow, is still waiting in the warehouse and should be delivered and installed in Slovakia by the end of 2009.