Compass Rose 11 Traditional Cache
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P & G
Maturity is
the ability to delay gratification. So, the definition of instant
gratification ... immediate satisfaction; the quick attainability
of happiness or of contentness. NOW THIS IS WHAT I"M TALKING
ABOUT!!! HIT RELATED WEB PAGE TO SEE.
Origins of the Compass Rose by Bill Thoen The compass rose has
appeared on charts and maps since the 1300's when the portolan
charts firstmade their appearance. The term "rose" comes from the
figure's compass points resembling the petals of the well-known
flower. Originally, this device was used to indicate the directions
of the winds (and it was then known as a wind rose), but the 32
points of the compass rose come from the directions of the eight
major winds, the eight half-winds and the sixteen quarter-winds. In
the Middle Ages, the names of the winds were commonly known
throughout the Mediterranean countries as tramontana (N), greco
(NE), levante (E), siroco (SE), ostro (S), libeccio (SW), ponente
(W) and maestro (NW). On portolan charts you can see the initials
of these winds labeled around the edge as T, G, L, S, O, L, P, and
M. The 32 points are therefore simple bisections of the directions
of the four winds (but the Chinese divided the compass into 12
major directions based on the signs of the Zodiac). For western
apprentice seamen, one of the first things they had to know were
the names of the points. Naming them all off perfectly was known as
"boxing the compass". There is no absolute standard for drafting a
compass rose, and each school of cartographers seems to have
developed their own. In the earliest charts, north is indicated by
a spearhead above the letter T (for tramontana). This symbol
evolved into a fleur-de-lys around the time of Columbus, and was
first seen on Portuguese maps. Also in the 14th century, the L (for
levante) on the east side of the rose was replaced with a cross,
indicating the direction to Paradise (long thought to be in the
east), or at least to where Christ was born (in the Levant). The
colors on the figure are supposedly the result of the need for
graphic clarity rather than a mere cartographical whim. On a
rolling ship at night by the light of a flickering lamp, these
figures had to be clearly visible. Therefore the eight principle
points of the compass are usually shown on the compass rose in
black which stands out easily. Against this background, the points
representing the half-winds are typically colored in blue or green
and since the quarter-wind points are the smallest, they are
usually colored red. References: Cartographical Innovations: an
International Handbook of Mapping Terms to 1900 ed. by Helen M.
Wallis and Arthur H. Robinson. - Tring, Herts: Map Collector
Publications in association with International Cartographic
Association, 1987. - ISBN 0-906430-04-6. (This was really quite
good, and full of interesting history and details about maps -
Bill) Mapping by David Greenhood. - The University of Chicago
Press, 1964. ISBN 0-226-30696-8 More on Compass Roses: New! The
Famous Brick Pavement Compass Rose of Leonardtown, MD
(visit link) This 50-foot
diameter outdoor compass rose is made entirely of colored bricks
and can be seen in the park at the Leonardtown, MD town wharf.
Chart Compasses (visit link) More
Compass Roses from Portuguese Nautical Charts (images)
(visit link) Gifts with a compass rose
theme (these are quite nice) (visit link) Links
to Historical Maps: History of Cartography
(visit link) Oddens' Bookmarks
(visit link) Nautical History: Why The
Moonraker Is The Tallest Sail
(visit link) The 32 Points of the
Compass Point Direction Azimuth 0 North 0° - 0' 1 N by E 11° - 15'
2 NNE 22° - 30' 3 NE by N 33° - 45' 4 NE 45° - 0' 5 NE by E 56° -
15' 6 ENE 67° - 30' 7 E by N 78° - 45' 8 East 90° - 0' 9 E by S
101° - 15' 10 ESE 112° - 30' 11 SE by E 123° - 45' 12 SE 135° - 0'
13 SE by S 146° - 15' 14 SSE 157° - 30' 15 S by E 168° - 45' Point
Direction Azimuth 16 South 180° - 0' 17 S by W 191° - 15' 18 SSW
202° - 30' 19 SW by S 213° - 45' 20 SW 225° - 0' 21 SW by W 236° -
15' 22 WSW 247° - 30' 23 W by S 258° - 45' 24 West 270° - 0' 25 W
by N 281° - 15' 26 WNW 292° - 30' 27 NW by W 303° - 45' 28 NW 315°
- 0' 29 NW by N 326° - 15' 30 NNW 337° - 30' 31 N by W 348° - 45'
URL: (visit link) -- Last updated:
Feb 2001 © 1999-2001 by Bill Thoen Copyright © 2008 by GISnet
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(Decrypt)
CVCR va gur Xncgnva
Oynpx gvr nssnve
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