Lushan Mountain is a block mountain with cenozoic horst.
Fault-block mountains (or just “block mountain“) are created when faults or cracks in the Earth’s crust force materials upward. So instead of folding, like the plate collision which creates fold mountains, block mountains break up into chunks and move up or down. Fault-block mountains usually have a steep front side and a sloping back side. Large blocks of rock along faults in the earth’s crust can be uplifted and tilted sideways.
Lifted type block mountains have two steep exposed rock faces (scarps), leading to horst and graben terrain.
Tilted type block mountains have one gently sloping side and one steep side with an exposed scarp.
Cenozoic = The Cenozoic Era; meaning "new life", from Greek καινός kainos "new", and ζωή zoe "life", is the current and most recent of three geological eras, following the Mesozoic Era and covering the period from 65.5 million years ago to the present.
Horst = (German Horst “heap”) is the raised fault block bounded by normal faults or graben. A horst is formed from extension of the Earth's crust. The raised block is a portion of the crust that generally remains stationary or is uplifted while the land has dropped on either side.
There is a good path almost to the spot, except some rocky ground at the top. The shortest climb is from Wulaofeng stop on Lushan tourist bus route to the Three-tiered Waterfall.
Poyang Lake can be seen from the top of Wulaofeng peak. Poyang is China’s largest freshwater lake. It is located on the south bank of Yangtze River, between the major cities of Jiujiang and Nanchang. To its north and west rises Mt.Lushan. Before Han Dynasty, the Yangtze followed a more northerly course through what is now Lake Longgan. The area that is now Poyang Lake was a plain along Gan River. Around 400 AD, Yangtze River switched to a more southerly course, causing Gan River to back up and form Lake Poyang.
To log this earthcache, please email the answer to the following questions:
1. Observe the tilting of most the rocks and rock faces on the mountain, why do you think they tilt?
2. Approximately how many degrees do they tilt?
3. What distance from the first peak to the second peak of Wulaofeng is written on the path sign at the first peak?
As an optional task, you could upload your best photos taken of Lake Poyang or other best scenery at Lushan! : ) If you have additional geological info to contribute about Lushan, Wulaofeng or Poyang Lake, it would be appreciated!
BE CAREFUL, THE CLIFFS ARE VERY STEEP!
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Do also visit the Lushan Museum (lú shān bó wù guǎn 庐山博物馆) near the Gulingzhen village, at bottom of the hill by a water reservoir. Lulin No.1 (lú lín yī hào 芦林一号) villa was the old house of Chairman Mao, rebuilt as Lushan museum in 1985. It is on the northern bank of Lulin Lake, as one of the typical buildings in Lushan. There are various exhibits, including the Lushan Geopark exhibit with plenty of info about the geology or this area.