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L’aeròdrom(airfield) Cabanes-Vilabertran (1936-39) Traditional Geocache

Hidden : 7/18/2012
Difficulty:
1.5 out of 5
Terrain:
1.5 out of 5

Size: Size:   small (small)

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Geocache Description:


Des que la Guerra Civil va esclatar, el criteri del bàndol republicà pel que fa als camps d'aviació va ser el de la dispersió territorial, que va provocar la instal•lació de poc menys d'un centenar d'aeròdroms a tot Catalunya. La comarca de l'Alt Empordà va acollir una espècie de base aèria de la qual formaven part diversos municipis: Vilabertran, Peralada, Mollet de Peralada, Garriguella i Vilajuïga van ser seu de pistes, tallers de muntatge d'avions, residències, polvorins i magatzems que es complementaven amb els altres punts estratègics, com el castell de Sant Ferran de Figueres, la base naval de Roses i les fronteres de la Jonquera i Portbou, principal accés des de i cap a França per carretera i amb tren, respectivament. La major d'aquests punts estratègics van ser bombardejats per l'aviació nacional, en bona part integrada per l'Aviazione Legionaria que Mussolini, aliat de Franco des del principi de la guerra, va enviar a la base de Mallorca per contribuir a atacar el litoral Mediterrani.
Eren camps fonamentals, perquè a banda de defensar el litoral, hi arribaven i es muntaven els avions russos enviats per terra, mar o aire.
A Cabanes s´hi muntaven els avions republicans que arribaven procedents de França amb un tren fins a l´estació de Figueres. En aquests avions hi havia els denominats «supermosques», «katiuskes» i «xatos», que eren uns avions russos que portaven una planxa d´acer darrera del seient de l´aviador per tal de protegir-lo. Era una tàctica que en cas d´un atac obligava els avions contraris a haver de buscar angles de tipus diferent, cosa que els posava en perill davant d´aquests ràpids avions. Eren molt apreciats ja que podien combatre amb eficàcia contra els avions italians contraris, però en canvi, estaven en inferioritat amb els alemanys que, com que volaven més ràpid i més alt, els dominaven la situació. Els «xatos» volaven a 470 km/h, portaven bombes i anaven armats amb quatre metralladores i els «mosques» volaven a 820 km/h.
El camp també havia de servir per repel•lir i abordar els avions que poguessin venir a bombardejar l´àrea de Figueres. En el camp s´hi van instal•lar focus de gran potència de la Defensa Contra Aèria, que estaven preparats per tal que en cas de senyal de bombardeig a la nit, dibuixaven unes llargues llengües de llum que enfocaven i observaven l´espai per tal de localitzar els possibles aparells de bombardeigs. Aquests reflectors van ser usats en poques ocasions ja que els bombardeigs dels avions nacionals sobre la zona es van fer sempre en hores diürnes.
En el camp també s´hi havia disposat un nombre d´avions per fer front a aquests trimotors enemics, però no consta que actuessin mai en els diversos bombardeigs que va sofrir la població de Figueres, a partir d´uns mesos després. En relació amb els avions que s´hi muntaven destinats al front de guerra, consta que els pilots republicans es traslladaven a Figueres per recollir-los. S´esmenta que en alguns moments els pagesos veien passar aquells avions que anaven a ras dels arbres.
L'aeròdrom de Cabanes, va ser bombardejat per primera vegada el 7 de juliol del 38. Els italians hi tornarien algunes vegades més.
El tresor el teniu a l’hangar on es muntaven els avions.

Since the Civil War broke out, the criterion of the Republicans regarding the airfields was the need of "territorial dispersion", which led to the installation of less than one hundred aerodromes throughout Catalonia. The Alt Empordà hosted a type of air base which included several villages: Vilabertran, Peralada, Mollet de Peralada, Garriguella and Vilajuïga held landing tracks, aircraft assembly, workshops, residencies, explosive powder kegs and war components storage. These villages were complemented by other strategic points, such as the Castle Sant Ferran of Figueres, Roses and the naval base of La Jonquera and Portbou, border and main access to and from France by road and train, respectively. Most of these strategic points were bombarded by the national aviation, largely made up by the "Aviazione Legionaria" that Mussolini, who was Franco´s ally since the beginning of the war, sent to the base of Mallorca to attack the Mediterranean coast.
These airfields were fundamental in order to defend the coast, and were used as well to fit the arriving aircraft pieces sent from Russia by different ways.
At the village of Cabanes the aircraft components that arrived from France using the railway station of Figueres were fit. These aircrafts were called "Supermosques", "Katiuskas" and "Xatos", which were Russian aircrafts carrying a steel plate behind the seat, to protect the aviator. In case of an attack the method used was to force the enemy aircrafts to use different kinds of angles to protect them from these fast planes, which was really very dangerous. They were of great value because they could effectively combat aircraft from the Italian opponents, although they were inferior to the German planes, as they flew faster and higher and dominated the situation much better. The "Xatos" were flying at a speed of 470 km / h, carrying bombs and were armed with four guns, and the "Supermosques" flew at 820 km / h.
The airfield was also used to repel and attack aircraft that came to bomb the area of Figueres. In the airfields they installed powerful spotlights of "Defense Against Air", who were ready to be used in case of bombing at night; they drew long tongues of light which approached and observed the air space to locate the possible bombers. These reflectors were rarely used, since the bombings of the aircraft on the domestic area took place usually during the daytime.
In the airfields also a small number of aircrafts were ready to face these three-engine plane from the enemies, but no record has been found that they had ever acted in all the bombings that struck the town of Figueres. In relation to the aircraft that was fitted at the war front, it seems that the Republican pilots went to Figueres to pick them up after being finished. Mention is made that sometimes farmers saw those planes flying near the trees.
The Cabanes airfield was bombed for the first time on 7th of July 1938. The Italian planes tried again to bomb the place several times.

The treasure you have in the hangar where the aircraft were mounted

Additional Hints (Decrypt)

Irvrh/ybbx: Nzntngnyy.wct

Decryption Key

A|B|C|D|E|F|G|H|I|J|K|L|M
-------------------------
N|O|P|Q|R|S|T|U|V|W|X|Y|Z

(letter above equals below, and vice versa)