GC41NQ6 [CC] New Amsterdam (Traditional Cache) in Michigan, United States created by Cold Cache Crew

This cache has been archived.

Cold Cache Crew: It's time to bring another year of the Cold Cache series to a close. The snow is finally gone (despite the Groundhog assuring us it would have been sooner) and this cache series is complete.

Remember: If you found all caches in the 2013 series [i]except[/i] "Queen Elizabeth", contact Bumble and he will grant permission to log that as a bonus find (so you can complete the series).

Bumble would like to thank the 2013 Cold Cache Crew members (bretina, MI Barrel Makers, TJPost, Addham, N8theGR811, and spartanalum) for all of their work on this series.

So long, farewell, until next year ...

GC41NQ6 ▼

A cache by Cold Cache Crew Message this owner

Hidden : 12/7/2012

Difficulty:

Terrain:

Size: Size: regular (regular)

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Geocache Description:

February 2 - New Amsterdam, now New York City, was incorporated in 1653

New Amsterdam was a 17th-century Dutch colonial settlement on the southern tip of Manhattan Island that served as capital city of New Netherland. It was renamed New York in 1667 in honor of the Duke of York (later James II of England) when English forces seized control of Manhattan along with the rest of the Dutch colony.

The settlement, outside of Fort Amsterdam on Manhattan Island in the New Netherland territory (1614–1664), was a provincial extension of the Dutch Republic as of 1624. Situated on the strategic, fortifiable southern tip of the island of Manhattan, the fort was meant to defend the Dutch West India Company's fur trade operations in the North River (Hudson River). Fort Amsterdam was designated the capital of the province in 1625.

The first recorded exploration by the Dutch of the area around what is now called New York Bay was in 1608 with the voyage of the ship Halve Maen or "Half Moon", captained by Henry Hudson, in the service of the Dutch Republic, as the emissary of Holland's stadholder Maurice of Nassau, Prince of Orange. Hudson named the river the Mauritius River and was covertly attempting to find the Northwest Passage for the Dutch East India Company. Instead, he brought back news about the possibility of exploitation of beaver pelts in the area, leading to private commercial interest by the Dutch who sent commercial, private missions to the area the following years.

The territory of New Netherland, containing the Northeast's largest rivers with access to the beaver trade, was originally a private, profit-making commercial enterprise focusing on cementing alliances and conducting trade with the diverse Indian tribes. They enabled the surveying and exploration of the region as a prelude to an anticipated official settlement by the Dutch Republic, which occurred in 1624.

The mouth of the Hudson River was selected as the ideal place for initial settlement as it had easy access to the ocean while also securing an ice free lifeline to the beaver trading post near present day Albany, settled in 1614, and where American Indian hunters supplied them with pelts in exchange for European-made trade goods and wampum, which was soon being made by the Dutch on Long Island. In 1621 the Dutch West India Company was founded. Between 1621 and 1623, orders were given to the private, commercial traders to vacate the territory, thus opening up the territory to Dutch settlers and company traders. It also allowed the laws and ordinances of the states of Holland to now apply. Previously, during the private, commercial period, only the law of the ship had applied.

In 1624 the first group of families arrived on Noten Eylant (now Governors Island) to take possession of the New Netherland territory and to operate various trading posts. They were spread out to Verhulsten Island (Burlington Island) in the South River (now the Delaware River), to Kievitshoek (now Old Saybrook, Connecticut) at the mouth of the Verse River (now the Connecticut River) and further north on the Mauritius or North River (now the Hudson River), around what is now Albany.

The threat of attack from other European colonial powers prompted the directors of the Dutch West India Company to formulate a plan to protect the entrance to the Hudson River. In 1625, many settlers were moved from Noten Eylant to Manhattan Island, where a citadel to contain Fort Amsterdam was being laid out. By the end of 1625, the site had been staked out directly south of Bowling Green on the site of the present U.S. Custom House. The Mohawk—Mahican War in the Hudson Valley led the company to relocate even more settlers to the vicinity of the new Fort Amsterdam. In the end, colonizing was a prohibitively expensive undertaking, only partly subsidized by the fur trade. This led to a scaling back of the original plans. By 1628, a smaller fort was constructed with walls containing a mixture of clay and sand.

The New Amsterdam settlement had a population of approximately 270 people, including infants. New Amsterdam received municipal rights on February 2, 1653 thus becoming a city.

The theme for the 2013 Cold Cache series involves events in history that took place between January 1 and March 31 (which is the same timeframe that the Cold Cache series will be available).

Abraham Lincoln	Public Museum	Elvis	Boy Scouts
Town Lights	Underground Railroad	John Glenn	Girl Scouts
Daylight Savings	Uranus	Washington Monument	First Movie
Super Bowl	Navy	Cotton Gin	Queen Elizabeth I
Postage Stamps	Panama Canal	Nautilus	Color TV
Oil Spill	King Kong	Challenger	New Amsterdam
King Tut	Bell Telephone	Gold Rush	Apollo 1
13th Amendment	Iwo Jima	911 System	Alcatraz
B&O Railroad	MLK	Ellis Island	Alamo

Additional Hints (Decrypt)

Pbagnvare: Nzzb Pna

Decryption Key

A|B|C|D|E|F|G|H|I|J|K|L|M
-------------------------
N|O|P|Q|R|S|T|U|V|W|X|Y|Z

(letter above equals below, and vice versa)

This cache has been archived.

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[CC] New Amsterdam Traditional Cache

This cache has been archived.

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