(SLOVENSKO)
Kongresni trg je nastal na mestu zasutega obzidnega jarka rimske Emone in srednjeveškega mesta Ljubljane / Laibach. Še pred kongresom Svete alianse leta 1821 so podrli mestno obzidje in kot celoto uredili Kongresni in Prešernov trg. Obstoječi Kapucinski trg so razširili in na mestu podrtega kapucinskega samostana uredili park Zvezda.
Pomembnejši dogodki, ki so se odvijali na tem trgu:
- Kot politični zaključek napoleonskih vojn je bil leta 1821 drugi kongres Svete alianse in pomembno srečanje treh monarhov: avstrijski cesar Franc I., ruski car Aleksander I. in neapeljski kralj Ferdinand IV.
- Leta 1918 je na manifestaciji ob dnevu svobode (konec prve svetovne vojne) tu imel govor nekdanji ljubljanski župan Ivan Hribar.
- Junija 1944 je bilo protikomunistično zborovanje in govor generala Leona Rupnika
- Po koncu 2. svetovne vojne maja 1945 je iz balkona univerze ljubljančane nagovoril pesnik Oton Župančič in jugoslovanski predsednik Josip Broz - Tito
- Demonstracije in proces proti četverici Janša, Bavčar, Tasič, Zavrl ali na kratko JBTZ, je leta junja 1988 predstavljal vrhunec napetosti med slovensko civilno družbo in takratno Jugoslovansko ljudsko armado. Ta dogodek je eden najpomembnejših vzvodov demokratizacije in nastanka slovenske države.
- 8. maja 1989 je Tone Pavček prvič javno prebral Majniško deklaracijo, ki je zahtevala suvereno državo slovenskega naroda.
- Leta 1999 je ljubljančane pozdravil Bill Clinton, prvi ameriški predsednik, ki je obiskal samostojno Slovenijo.
- Leta 2011 je bil na prenovljenem trgu koncert Mahlerjeve Simfonije tisočev , ko se je združilo prek 1100 izvajalcev in s tem proslavili 20 let slovenske in hrvaške države, 310 let ustanovitve Academie Philharmonicorum in stoto obletnico smrti Gustava Mahlerja.
SIDRO – Waypoint A
Leta 1940 je bil postavljen spomenik jugoslovanskemu kralju Aleksandru I. na konju, a že čez eno leto so ga italijanske okupacijske oblasti med okupacijo pretopile. Leta 1954 so na tem mestu postavili sidro v spomin priključitve Primorske Sloveniji. Sidro bilo ulito v Puli iz potopljene čezoceanke Rex zgrajene 1931, tedaj italijanske ladje - večje kot Titanik. Ker je bilo sidro veliko, se je pri transportu zagozdilo v železniški nadvoz, zato so morali del sidra razrezati in ga potem zopet zvariti. Danes kip simbolizira tudi slovenski izhod na morje.
A= Vsota sedmin cifer vgraviranih v kamen na JZ kotu pedestala
KAZINA – Waypoint B
Leta 1837 zgrajeno poslopje Kazine je bilo namenjeno za druženje ljubljanskega meščanstva, kjer je bilo mogoče brati, plesati, kvartati, igrati biljard, prisostvovati družabnim igram in petju. Med drugo svetovno sta bila tu italijansko vojaško poveljstvo in tiskovni urad, po vojni ljudska skupščina SRS, kar dokazuje grb v veliki dvorani.
B= Število luči nad glavnim vhodom...
EMONEC – Waypoint C
Pozlačen kip rimskega meščna v togi iz 4. stoletja so našli pri kopanju temeljev bližnje stavbe Kazina, saj je bilo tu včasih rimsko pokopališče.
C= Kdaj so izkopali kip Emonca ... C=1836 (trenutno obnavljajo)
RIMSKI PLOČNIK - Waypoint D
Pod današnjo Slovensko cesto leži stara rimska magistrala, kjer je sedaj tudi maketa rimske Ljubljane – Emona. Vhod v Chopinov prehod je v podhodu Slovenske ceste (odprto med 10.00 in 18.00)
D= Število rimskih stebrov ob rimskem pločniku
URŠULINSKA CERKEV - Waypoint E
Je najpomembnejša arhitektura ljubljanskega baroka. Najpomembnejši del opreme je veliki oltar Francesca Robbe.
E= Izračunaj račun , ki je ta info tablici desno od vhoda (negativno!)
E= -8 (the sing is missing....)
ZNAMENJE SVETE TROJICE- Waypoint F
Prvotno leseno znamenje sv. Trojice, v zahvalo za rešitev pred kugo iz leta 1683, je bilo na prej drugi lokaciji. Pozneje so ga zamenjali s kamnitim kipom in na pobudo arhitekta Plečnika prestavili na sedanje mesto. Avtor kipa iz marmorja je bil verjetno mladi Francesco Robba.
F= Odštej manjšo rimsko številko od večje na severni strani spomenika (pozitivno)
EMONSKA VRATA- Waypoint G
Ostanki severnih vrat EMONE, rimskega mesta iz 1. stoletja. Pojdi dol v Chopinov prehod (odprto med 10.00 in 18.00) in tam poišči maketo Emone.
G= Koliko glavnih vrat je imelo mesto Emona?
GOSTILNA PEKEL – Waypoint H
Na vogalu bila nekoč gostilna Pekel. Vanjo so se gostje spuščali po stopnicah, saj je imela pivske sobe v prezidanem jarku starega emonskega obzidja. Stalni gost in nekaj časa tudi stanovalec te hiše je bil pesnik France Prešeren.
H= Številka na vrhu portala vrat
UNIVERZA V LJUBLJANI – Waypoint I
Na tem mestu je bil deželni dvorec, v katerem je leta 1821 potekal znameniti Ljubljanski kongres. Po uničujočem potresu leta 1895 so poslopje podrli ter zgradili novega. Od ustanovitve leta 1919 naprej ima tu svoje prostore prva slovenska univerza.
I= 22 + število zlatih medaljonov Severni strani stavbe na vrhu, ki predstavljajo grbe nekdanjih kranjskih mest in trgov
SLOVENSKA FILHARMONIJA – Waypoint J
Prvotno poslopje je leta 1765 slovesno otvoril avstrijski cesar Jožef II.. Njemu v čast so pripravili gledališko predstavo. Prav tu so leta 1789 prvič uprizorili prvo slovensko gledališko delo Županova Micka izpod peresa Antona Tomaža Linharta. Academia Philharmonicorum (predhodnica današnje Slovenske filharmonije) je bila ustanovljena 1701 in sodi med najstarejše v Evropi in na svetu. Njeni častni člani so pomembni skladatelji Joseph Haydn, Ludwig van Beethoven, Johan Brahms, violinist Nicolo Paganini idr.
J= Številka na info tablici ob vhodu
DRUŠTVO SLOVENSKA MATICA – Waypoint K
Slovenska matica vse od ustanovitve 1864 z nepretrganim delovanjem, predvsem z izdajanjem knjig, prirejanjem znanstvenih srečanj in posvetovanj, pomembno prispeva k dvigu ravni izobraževanja, znanja in kulture na Slovenskem.
K= Številka na vrhu portala vrat
RIMSKI VODNJAK - Waypoint L
Aheologi so ob gradnji podzemne garaže leta 2010 odkrili rimski vodnjak in priredili načrte tako, da je sedaj na ogled.
L= Koliko je globok rimski vodnjak
KAPUCINSKI VODNJAK - Waypoint M
Vodnjak je edini vidni preostanek porušenega kapucinskega samostana.
M= Koliko modrih oznak je na vodnjaku
TEST: A+B+C+D+E+F+G+H+I+J+K+L+M=5686
XXX = A + B + C/2 + D + E + F + G + 23
YYY = H + I*3 - J + K + L*3 + M*100 + 1
N 46° 02.XXX E 014° 30.YYY
Preveri končne koordinate
Več o Kongresnem trgu:
- Galerija zgodovinskih slik
- Kongresni trg z okolico do Prešernovega trga
- Zgodovina Ljubljane v “nadgrajeni resničnosti” – navodila za instalacijo android aplikacije
(ENGLISH)
The square was built on ditch of Roman Emona and the medieval town Ljubljana / Laibach. For the congress of the Holy alliance in 1821 it was expanded and reconstructed as a whole. Existing capuchin square and capuchin monastery ruins were arranged into Zvezda (star) Park.
Significant events:
- After Napoleonic wars here was the second congress of the Holy Alliance in 1821 and a meeting of three monarchs: Holy Roman Emperor Francis I, Russian Car Alexander I. and Ferdinand IV of Naples.
- In 1918, the manifestation of the Freedom day (end of WWI) Ljubljana's mayor Ivan Hribar had a speech.
- In June 1944, the anti-communist speech of general Leon Rupnik
- At the end of the WWII in May 1945, poet Oton Zupančič and Yugoslav president Josip Broz - Tito addresses the citizens from the balcony of the University
- Demonstrations and “Trial of the four” Janša, Bavčar, Tasič, Zavrl, briefly JBTZ, in June 1988 represented peak tensions between the Slovenian civil society and the Yugoslav Army. This is one of the most important events of democratization and the emergence of the Slovenian state.
- Independence of Slovenia was demanded in the “May Declaration” and the poet Tone Pavček in a demonstration on Congress Square on May 8, 1989 first publicly read it.
- In 1999 the citizens of Ljubljana welcomed Bill Clinton, the first U.S. president who has visited an independent Slovenia.
- In 2011 the square was renovated and opened with concert Mahler's Symphony of a Thousand with over 1100 performers and thus celebrate 20 years of Slovenian and Croatian state, 310 years of the establishment of the Academia Philharmonicorum and the 100th anniversary of the death of Gustav Mahler.
ANCHOR – Waypoint A
On that spot in 1940 here was a monument of King Alexander of Yugoslavia in the saddle, but just one year later it was melted by the Italian occupying forces. In memory of getting back Primorska region (from Italy) in 1954 here was placed the statue of anchor from the sunken liner Rex built 1931. At that time it was the largest Italian ship - larger than the Titanic. Today a statue also symbolizes Slovenian access to the sea.
A= Sum seven numbers engraved in stone on SW corner of the pedestal
KAZINA – Waypoint B
Kazina building from 1837 was intended for the middle class Ljubljana elite, where it was possible to read, play cards and billiard, singing… During WWII here was Italian military command and press office.
B= Number of lights above the main entrance
STATUE OF EMONEC – Waypoint C
Gilded statue of the Roman citizen from the 4th century were found nearby, as there used to be a Roman cemetery.
C= When was discovered a statue of Emonec... C=1836 (currently under reconstruction)
ROMAN SIDEWALK – Waypoint D
Under today's main road lies the old Roman road. You can see it together with a model of Roman Ljubljana - Emona. The free entrance is nearby Emonec statue in the passage – find green sign “Chopinov prehod” (opened from 10.00 – 18.00)
D= Number of roman pillars by the roman sidewalk
URSULINE CHURCH – Waypoint E
Ljubljana’s most important Baroque architecture. The most important piece of equipment is the main altar made by Francesco Robba.
E= Calculate equation from info sign right of entrance (negative)
E= -8 (the sing is missing....)
STATUE OF THE HOLY TRINITY – Waypoint F
Originally a wooden sign the Holy Trinity from 1683 as thanksgiving for salvation from the plague was in a different location. Later it was replaced by a stone statue and on the initiative of architect Plečnik moved to the current location. Author of marble statue is probably the young Francesco Robba.
F= Subtract smaller roman number from higher on the north side of the monument (positive)
EMONIAN GATE – Waypoint G
North Emona gate ruins – roman town from first century. Go down into the passage – find green sign “Chopinov prehod” (opened from 10.00 – 18.00) - there is model of Emona town
G= How many main gates town EMONA did have? (G=4.. the main infotable is missing)
THE HELL TAVERN – Waypoint H
Here was Pekel (hell) tavern. Downstairs led to bar in rebuilt ditch in old walls of Emona. Permanent guest and resident some time in this house was our famous poet France Prešeren.
H= Number on top of the door portal
UNIVERSITY OF LJUBLJANA – Waypoint I
At this place, in the provincial palace, where was in 1821 the famous Ljubljana’s congress. Following the devastating earthquake in 1895 the building was torn down and builded new one. Nowadays here are premises of the first Slovenian university, established in 1919.
I= 22 + number of gold medallions on the North side of the building at the top, which represents coats of arms of the former Slovenian cities and squares
SLOVENIAN PHILHARMONIC BUILDING – Waypoint J
The first building was constructed as theatre in 1765 during the visit of Holy Roman Emperor Joseph II. In 1789 here was staged the first Slovenian theater work “Mayor’s Micka” of Anton Tomaž Linhart for the first time. Academia Philharmonicorum (predecessor of the Slovenian Philharmonic) was founded in 1701 and is among the oldest in Europe and in the world. Its honorary members are Joseph Haydn, Ludwig van Beethoven, Johan Brahms, Nicolo Paganini ...
J= The number on the info sign by the entrance
SLOVENSKA MATICA SOCIETY – Waypoint K
Slovenska matica society has a tradition of 140 years of continuous work, which publishes books, organizes scientific meetings and consultations on a wide range of problems of Slovenian culture and society and its future.
K= Number on top of the door portal
ROMAN FOUNTAIN – Waypoint L
At the construction of an underground parking garage in 2010 archaeologists discovered a Roman fountain.
L= How many meters is deep the Roman fountain
CAPUCHIN FOUNTAIN – Waypoint M
The only visible reminder of old capuchin gardens is this fountain
M= number of blue signs on the fountain
TEST: A+B+C+D+E+F+G+H+I+J+K+L+M=5686
XXX = A + B + C/2 + D + E + F + G + 23
YYY = H + I*3 - J + K + L*3 + M*100 + 1
N 46° 02.XXX E 014° 30.YYY
Check your solution
More about Congress square:
- Gallery of old pictures
- History of Ljubljana in “augmented reality” – Slovenian manual for android application installation