Nel periodo compreso tra 4000 e 2500 anni a. C. si raggiunge
che raggiungevano quasi 3.000 metri di altitudine. Infatti
le analisi dei pollini. L’aumento della temperatura
una maggiore disponibilità d’acqua. Questo determinò
di fango e blocchi (debris fl ow). Queste colate di detriti
nel settore meridionale del parco.
e il 1860 d. C.).
sempre più infl uenzata dall’uomo. Pare incredibile che
paesaggio. Tra questi interventi vanno ad esempio citati
ed altri manufatti. Nel parco troviamo svariati tipi
d’acqua ed al controllo dell’erosione.
[ENGLISH]
Please do not make this cache in wet or snow-covered ground but only when it is dry and only in the summer because it can be quite slippery. The cache can only be reached from the top and the grass is a little steep.
Near the refuge Mahlknecht (ex Molignon), close to the step Duron, there are the "pillow lava," "breaches of pillow lava" and ialoclastiti that following to the phenomena of degradation and erosion have taken many forms, some of these notes as "The Friars."
The geomorphology
The current geomorphological framework , which characterizes the area
the park, is the product of several factors that
have gradually shaped pads . The elements that have
contributed to the genesis of the landscape are substantially
structural factors , climatic conditions and the related
modeling agents .
For structural factors means the type of rocks ( lithology )
which constitutes the mountains and their arrangement (whether
vertical , inclined or horizontal) and the tectonic movements
the earth's crust at which these rocks have been subjected
from their origins until today. The landscape that we see today ,
is in fact the result of the movements of raising and
corrugation of the Alpine chain , known as the
" Orogeny ." This uplift began about 80 million
years ago. The volcanic and sedimentary rocks , previously
formed in this region, were built defi -
tively out of the sea and also corrugated , crushed ,
reversed and drag. The most intense period of that
fi orogeny lasted up to about 2 million years ago. If there
had been the subsequent erosive action of water , frost and wind,
the Alps now have an average height of 30-40 km,
ie more than three times the height at which they fly planes
line on transoceanic routes . This significant about that erosion
has removed material to a thickness of at least
27 km, depositing it in the great plains to the north and south
the Alps
With the emergence defi nitive from the sea began erosion
the criticisms that has almost completely canceled by the most recent land
(eg marl of the Cretaceous ) , bringing to light the ancient
coral reefs and making them emerge in the landscape
current . Thanks selective erosion , which has removed ie
formations more easily eroded , which still
visible today only a few reliable oramenti in the valley , they
formed the first major valley system and extensive plateaus . The infl
uence of the lithology in the genesis of the landscape is therefore
remarkable : the different properties of the rocks, deposited in the
same period (for example, the more resistant dolomite
Sciliar and layers of La Valle , both dating back to the
Ladinian ) , have meant that the most tender were ASPOR
tate , leaving reliefs composed hardest rocks . every
type of rock undergoes fact in a different way the action of the
modeling agents . For example, dolomite rocks ,
rather are subject to phenomena of frost weathering
( progressive fracturing of rocks as a result of freezing and
thaw ), producing large amounts of debris that accumulate ,
the effect of gravity , in cones and debris slopes
at the foot of the walls , more commonly known as' screes
» Dolomites. The rocks modeled as Formations
La Valle, San Cassiano and Raibl , are more susceptible
to deformations of the plastic type , for generating landslides
and slip casting and debris causing many fi ne
problems to the conservation status of the trails.
It is no coincidence then that the valleys such as the Rio Freddo
and Rio Saltria intaglino rock formations hold,
such deposits deposited in volcaniclastic
deep sea.
The arrangement of the layers has a decisive effect on the
morphology of the reliefs . The nearly horizontal layers of Alpe
Alm are part of a large syncline very flattened
( a wide bend in the shape of U ) . The presence of dislocations
more or less recent tectonic lines created
ential for preferential erosion , causing the formation of
real valleys such as Val and Val Duron Ciamin .
Ulterio king factor in the shaping of the
landscape of the Dolomites is the set of climatic variations ,
occurred during the Quaternary (from 2 million
of years ago to the present ) , during which periods of mild climate,
like the present, have alternated with periods of glacial climate ,
known as ice ages. In the highlands ice ages were
often covered by ice caps and valleys were covered
by long tongues of ice in slow motion. it
assumed that the glacier, which Transfl Uiva above the Alpe di
Siusi , came from the Val di Fassa , via the Pitch
Sella where he confl Uiva in the glacier of Val Gardena. The
glaciers had the effect of eroding the slopes ( esarazione
glacial) , giving them sweets and arched forms ( valleys to
U ) . During periods of glacial retreat , following
milder climatic conditions , increasing the action of other
erosive agents . The glaciers retreated , they left along the
their path around the eroded material previously and by
they carried. The most significant accumulations of such material ,
are now defi ned " moraines ." these deposits
characterize the slopes on which are located the villages of
Fie , Siusi and Castelrotto. The weakening of the support of
glaciers, which with their fl uctuations had favored the
formation of fractures due to compression and decompression ,
has led to the collapse of entire portions of
slopes .
In the period between 4000 and 2500 years . C. is reached
the so-called climatic optimum : the temperature
was also higher than at present , the vegetation after
an age-old process of colonization of soils and land
( in glacial times were treeless ) , grew
no fi lush foothills of the Dolomite walls with woods
that reached nearly 3,000 meters above sea level . in fact
both the Alpe di Siusi that the summit plateau to the Sciliar
2,500 m, was covered by a forest of conifers , as evidenced by
the pollen analysis . The increase in temperature
was accompanied by an increase in rainfall and
greater availability of water. this determined
a higher incidence of phenomena related to the sliding
water on surface , such as the transport detrital
of mud and blocks ( debris fl ow ) . These debris flows
have filled entire valley floor , as is the case in Val Ciamin ,
in the southern sector of the park.
At the end of this period of mild climate , conditions
environmental continued to undergo periodic oscillations ,
with periods of temporary lowering of the temperature
(remember the recent " Little Ice Age " between 1520
and 1860 d. C. ) .
In more recent times, the morphology of the landscape has been
increasingly infl uenzata man. It seems incredible that
he may have had a " visible impact " on the shape of
landscape , so great is the gap in terms of size
between us and the giants of rock forming the mountainous ;
yet the realization of targeted interventions has meant that the
Our action moving rocks , deviate the course of streams
and fi umi, change Commission accompanied by the processes of erosion and sedimentation,
and that in the long run will change substantially the
landscape. Among these are to be mentioned , for example
those relating to the hydraulic arrangements , such as the construction
bridle in the bed of the streams , the creation of reservoirs
to collect water , networks and valleys for containment
the risk of landslide and the construction of roads and trails
and other artifacts. In the park there are several types
of human intervention fi nalized to the arrangement of the courses
water and erosion control .