The Sishen–Saldanha railway line, also known as the Ore Export Line, is an 861 kilometres long heavy haul railway line in South Africa. It connects iron ore mines near Sishen in the Northern Cape with the port at Saldanha Bay in the Western Cape. It is used primarily to transport iron ore and does not carry passenger traffic.
The Sishen–Saldanha line was built by Iscor, the then iron and steel parastatal, opening in 1976. In 1977 the line was transferred to Transnet Freight Rail, then known as South African Railways & Harbours, and a decision was made to electrify the line. A voltage of 50 kV AC was chosen instead of the usual 25 kV in order to haul heavier loads and to allow a larger distance between transformers. A single set of tracks with ten crossing loops to allow trains travelling in opposite directions to pass was constructed; this has since been increased to 19 crossing loops to increase line capacity. From an altitude of 1,295 metres at Sishen, the line climbs for 42 kilometres before descending to cross the Orange River about 10 kilometres downstream of Groblershoop. For the next 300 kilometres, the line rises and falls before descending towards the Atlantic coast. The railway crosses the Olifants River on a 1,035 metres viaduct between Vredendal and Lutzville and reaches the coast about 160 kilometres north of Saldanha. From here it follows a coastal route.
Initial train lengths consisted of three class 9E electric locomotives, hauling 210 type CR ore wagons with a payload of 80 tons. Upgraded wagons now carry 100 tons. Train lengths have been increased to 342 wagons, employing Radio Distributed Power (RDP) technology. These 41,400 tonnes total mass, 3780 metres long trains (8 locomotives and 342 wagons), are the longest production trains in the world. More than 3,000 of these RDP trains have been operated since launched in December 2007.