Pętla
czyli droga na szczyt bazaltowego stożka (nek wulkaniczny)
Kiedyś, gdy wulkany były aktywne mierzyły ponad 1000 metrów wysokości nad poziomem morza – obecnie są to niskie wulkaniczne stożki zbudowane ze starych warstw bazaltowej lawy i materiałόw piroklastycznych, a w zasadzie fragmenty dawnych wulkanόw tarczowych, czyli tzw. neki wypełniające wnętrza wulkanicznych kraterόw i kominόw wulkanόw.
[ENG]
The cenozoic volcanoes from the Kaczawskie mountains have been extinct for several million years. They are in the form of flood basalt (basaltic cover) and volcanic chimneys, which create stunning cones. Several quarries located in the area of Lower Silesia reveal deeper parts of the formerly active volcanos. When they were active, their height reached up to 1000 MASL. Today they are low volcanic cones built from old layers of basaltic lava and pyroclastic flows, in particular parts of old shield volcanos, called necks, filling volcanic craters and chimneys. The Kaczawskie basalts are black or dark grey and contain small bits of crystals such as olivine and pyroxene. The Kaczawskie volcanoes are built with various types of volcanic rock, such as diabases, quartz rhyolites, trachytes, andesite, melaphyres, basalts and basanites.