On This Day - May 11th 1995
Scientists confirm an outbreak of the Ebola virus in Africa.ย
Ebola is an extremely contagious filovirus - a destructive virus that can be fatal - which causes an acute, highly fatal haemorrhagic fever, that is high fever and massive internal bleeding. It is spread both by airborn particles, and through contact with bodily fluids or secretions of people who have been infected. It kills over 80% of the people it infects. Its incubation period varies from 2 to 21 days and it can kill within 10 days of the onset of symptoms. First discovered in 1976, there is no vaccine and no cure. Treatment consists of balancing the patient's fluids and electrolytes, maintaining their oxygen level and blood pressure, and treating them for any complicating infections.
On 11 May 1995, scientists confirmed that an outbreak of Ebola had occurred in the city of Kikwit, Zaire. The outbreak killed about 50, including three Italian nuns who had cared for victims. Further outbreaks have occurred in Zaire/Democratic Republic of the Congo in 1995 and 2003, Gabon in 1994, 1995 and 1996, Uganda in 2000, and Sudan again in 2004. A new species was identified from a single human case in Cรดte d'Ivoire in 1994, Ivory Coast ebolavirus (ICEBOV). In 2003, 120 people died in Etoumbi, Republic of Congo, which has been the site of four recent outbreaks, including one in May 2005.
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