Ulcinj Traditional Cache
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ULCINJ
Ulcinj is the southernmost town in Montenegro.
Ulcinj je nejjižnějším městem Černé Hory.
History
Antiquity
The wider area of Ulcinj has been inhabited since the Bronze Age, based on dating of Illyrian tombs (tumuli) found in the village of Zogaj, in the vicinity of Ulcinj. The town is believed to have been founded in the 5th century BC by colonists from Colchis, as mentioned in the 3rd century BC poem by Apollonius of Rhodes. Illyrians lived in the region at the time as there are traces of immense Cyclopean walls still visible in the old citadel (Kalaja).[5] In the pre-medieval period, Ulcinj was known as one of the pirate capitals of the Adriatic Sea. This is also seen during the later period of Illyrian Kingdom. Inhabitants of Ulcinj were known before time of Christ, especially from 20 BC to around 300 AD, to be very confrontational to those who were foreigners to their land; they were especially meticulous about border disputes as well.
Roman
In 163 BC, the Romans captured Colchinium from the Illyrian tribe of Olciniates and renamed the town Olcinium (aka Ulcinium) after the tribe.[6][better source needed] Under Roman rule the town received the status of oppidum civium Romanorum (settlement of Roman citizens), only to be later granted municipium (independent town) status. A section of their re-fortification can be distinguished from the Illyrio-Greek by the rustication of the walls.[5] After the division of the Roman Empire, Ulcinj became a part of the Byzantine province of Prevalis and the population converted to Christianity. From Medieval times, and quiet likely earlier, it was regarded as an important trading and maritime center and still maintained the status of city autonomy.[5]
Medieval period
In the 9th century, it was in the Dyrrhachium theme, of the Byzantine Empire. In 1010, Tsar Samuel of Bulgaria (r. 997-1014†) failed to conquer the town during the war against the Byzantines. By 1040, archon Stefan Vojislav conquered the region. In 1183, Grand Prince Stefan Nemanja conquered Olcinium and the town prospered as one of the most significant coastal towns. Ulcinj remained in Nemanjić hands in their Kingdom and Empire, and after the death of Emperor Dušan (r. 1331-1355†), the region, known as Lower Zeta, was under the supervision of gospodin Žarko, a voivode of Emperor Uroš the Weak until his death in 1360. Žarko's lands were then held by the Balšić family. Under Balšić control, Ulcinj continued to be an important town and also minted coins. The Balšić Tower in the upper part of the Old Town was built by the Zetans in the late 14th century.
Venetian and Ottoman rule
In 1405 the Venetians conquered the town. Under Venetian control, the city was renamed Dulcigno in Italian, and it was incorporated in the Albania Veneta. The Venetians maintained control until 1571, when the Ottoman Turks conquered Dulcigno and the remainder of Albania Veneta. It remained within the Ottoman domain for over 300 years, during which time its far-reaching reputation as a lair of pirates was established.[5] Initially, this band of buccaneers comprised about 400 North Africans and Maltese corsairs, but before long many others was involved: Albanians, Turks and a certain number of Serbs. Romantic stories are legion. At first they used small galleys but they progressed to galleons built in the local shipyard. Their leaders, who achieved notoriety throughout the eastern Mediterranean, included the Karamindzoja brothers, Lika Ceni, Ali Hoxha and Uluc Alija.[5] With the Objective of causing maximum confusion, their galleons would frequently change flags at sea. After a successful attack the pirates would celebrate with a roistering party on Rana (Mala Plaža), boiling oriental Halvah in great cauldrons stirred with an oar. Oars were used to divvy up the plundered treasure especially from Venetian, but also Austro-Hungarian, Greek and sometimes Turkish ships.[5] A flourishing black slave trade arose through the port of Tripoli and involved the export of North African adults and children, some as young as two or three years old, who were either sold on or put to work on their owners lands or ships. There were over 100 slave houses in Ulcinj, with the main square serving as the local slave market. It can still be seen in the old town. It has been claimed that in 1571 the Spanish writer Cervantes was at first imprisoned in the vaults along the market, after he was wounded in the battle of Lepanto and captured by the pirates.[5] There may be some poetic license in this detail; as at Sveti Stefan any number of luminaries may have slept there. When Lika Ceni destroyed a ship full of pilgrims en route to Mecca, the Sultan put a large reward on his head. Then he put an even bigger reward on the head of a Greek pirate called Lembo. Lika vanquished Lembo, pocketed the reward and was given the title of captain by the Sultan. Some North Africans came to Ulcinj not as slaves but of their own volition. Ritual dances would be performed on a part on Rana known as Arabian Field. They danced to an amalgam of Balkan and African music, which in time developed into the exotic Sharaveli,[5] a version which is still around. A few families of African descent remain today. In the 17th century a self-proclaimed Jewish Messiah named Sabbatai Zevi caused turmoil throughout the Turkish Empire with his evangelizing, which attracted thousands of followers. He was eventually captured and exiled to Ulcinj in 1666, where he died quietly ten years later. He was buried in the courtyard of a Muslim house which is still preserved as a mausoleum; along with two Jewish alters in the Balšic Tower.[5] In 1867, Ulcinj became a kaza of the İşkodra sanjak of Rumeli veyalet. After the Congress of Berlin in 1878, borders between Montenegro and the Ottoman Empire were redrawn, with Ulcinj becoming part of Montenegro. Although prepared to cede Plav, Gusinje and the Albanian villages of Grude, Hoti and Kastrati, Turkey still wanted to retain Ulqinj. Ultimately Montenegro, supported by Gladstone and others from western Europe, resisted and on 30 November 1880 the town became de jure part of the Montenegro which achieved recognition, but de facto only in 1880 after Great Powers occupation.
Population:
Ulcinj is the administrative centre of Ulcinj Municipality, which has a population of 19,921. The town of Ulcinj itself has a population of 10,707. Ulcinj Municipality is the centre of the Albanian community in Montenegro. It is the only municipality in Montenegro where Albanians form the majority with 70.66%. In Ulcinj municiapality can be found several different folk costumes: the costume worn by Albanians in Ulcinj (so-called: the city costume), the costume worn by Albanians in field of Anamali, the Bregasor, Shestan, Malesor, Goran (Merkojevic) and Montenegrin costumes.
Tourism:
The old town of Ulcinj Ulcinj is a popular tourist destination in summer. In January 2010, the New York Times named ranked the south coast region of Montenegro, featuring Velika Plaza, Ada Bojana, and the Hotel Mediteran, as one of "The Top 31 Places to Go in 2010".[15] Although still undiscovered by many travelers from larger countries, repeat tourists and an increasing amount of first time visitors make Ulcinj a hot spot for vacationers between the months of May and September. It is most famous for its sandy beaches, which are considered[by whom?] the most beautiful in Montenegro. The most valuable resource of the Ulcinj riviera is Velika Plaza (Albanian: Plazha e Madhe, English: Longe Beach), which is a 12 km (7.5 mi) long stretch of sandy beach and the longest beach on the Montenegrin coast. There is a small pebble beach called Ladies Beach which folk tradition holds to have qualities conducive to fertility. There is also a beach called Mala Plaža (Albanian: Plazha e Vogël, English: Small Beach) which is much smaller in size, but is located in the centre of town and very popular with visitors. "The Korzo", as it is called by locals, is a promenade which separates a street lined with coffee shops from Mala Plaža. At night during the summer months, the Korzo is pedestrianised and families and young people gather. There are many more less known smaller beaches that serve as get-aways from the main tourist areas. Ulcinj has also a large number of religious buildings like mosques, tyrbes and churches, including: Pasha's Mosque, Sailor's Mosque and St. Nicholas Church. Ulcinj's old town, Kalaja, is a very well preserved castle-looking community that is left over from medieval times. The old town sits atop a mountain overlooking the shore and is a tourist attraction on its own. Ada Bojana (Albanian: Buna) is popular among foreign tourists from Western Europe for its peace and unique atmosphere. A large naturist campsite is located in Ada Bojana.[16] Šaško lake and Ulcinj's salt pond are popular among birdwatchers, because Ulcinj and its surroundings are major resting points for over 200 bird species on their migration paths. There are numerous cafes, discos, and bars that dot the city that are usually filled to capacity throughout the summer. The majority of tourists that came in Ulcinj are Albanians (mostly from Kosovo and Switzerland), Germans, Italians, and Eastern Europeans.
WORKING HOURS: 9-19
SOURCE: en.wikipedia.org
Important:
When you can not be written finding (temporarily closed access road), you can only take a photo of the castle (send this photo to radza158@gmail.com) and log found it (of course)
I am sorry. I was promised that the place of storage would be accessible at all times. Liars :(
Ulcinj
Ulcinj (albánsky Ulqin, italsky Dulcigno) je město na jihu Černé Hory, blízko Skadarského jezera a hranic s Albánií. Leží na mořském pobřeží a má 10 828 obyvatel. Je velmi vyhledávaným místem pro letní dovolenou; přes 10 km dlouhá velká pláž slouží částečně jako letovisko. Ve městě se nacházejí lázně[zdroj?] a mnoho památek. Vzhledem k blízkosti Albánie je zde silnější albánský vliv (61,5% obyvatel města jsou Albánci).
Historie
Ulcinj - staré město Historici odhadují, že bylo město založeno před 2 500 lety - jedná se tedy o jedno z nejstarších měst v Černé Hoře. Založili jej Ilyrové. Ve městě se pak vystřídali Řekové a Římané. V roce 444 bylo zničeno zemětřesením, ale bylo brzy znovu obnoveno. Poté patřilo středověkému Srbsku a později Benátčanům, od nichž jej získali Turci. Po porážce u Lepanta roku 1571 nabídli město zvítězivším pirátům. Osmanská říše od Pirátů doufala, že svojí přítomností ve městě zamezí rozpínavosti Benátské republiky. Na sklonku 19. století připadlo město Černé hoře. Na Velikonoce v roce 1979 postihlo Ulcinj, stejně jako většinu černohorského pobřeží, ničivé zemětřesení (stupeň 7,0 z Richterovy škály) s epicentrem 15 km od pobřeží mezi městy Bar a Ulcinj.Trvalo 10 vteřin a stálo život více než 100 lidí. Do konce roku proběhlo na 90 dalších otřesů o síle nad 5 stupňů. Následovala pětiletá obnova historického centra města, kde byla zničena řada významných století starých budov. Zemětřesení o síle 4,8 st. bylo zaznamenáno i v srpnu 2009.
Důležité:
V případě, že bude přístupová cesta uzavřená, foťte a "fotologem na radza158@gmail.com jako ve virtuálce" logujte jako found it
Omlouvám se. Bylo mi slíbeno, že bude místo uložení přístupné neustále. Lháři :(
Additional Hints
(Decrypt)
Ubyr va gur jnyy / ir mqv
RA: Vzcbegnag ng gur raq bs gur grkg / PM: Qhyrmvgr an xbapv grkgh