The courthouse was originally built over and around Grace’s Castle, which was built by a wealthy family the early 13th century. Old habits die hard in Kilkenny and even how it is sometimes referred to locally as Grace’s Castle or Grace’s Courthouse. It remained a private residence until it was leased to the state in 1566 by James Grace, who at the time held the position of Governer of Ireland.
It has been part of the justice system ever since, with its exact function changing over the years. For about 200 years it was used by the state as a goal, and during the renovations there were several interesting findings relating to this time, among them remains of prisoners executed at the goal. It first became a courthouse in 1792. Architect William Roberston remodelled the facade added other features such as a balcony and stone staircase. The front of the building still retains some of the original features of the jail which are visible from street level.