On This Day - July 29th 1907
Sir Robert Baden-Powell founds the Boy Scouts with a camp at Brownsea Island.
The Boy Scout movement was founded by Robert Stephenson Smyth Baden-Powell. Baden-Powell, born 22 February 1857, was a keen outdoorsman who enjoyed hunting, canoeing and yachting. Baden-Powell's military career offered him opportunities to develop skills that would later become the essence of the Boy Scout movement, and he impressed his superiors enough to be transferred to the British Secret Service, where he continued to work as an intelligence officer.
After some years of this and other military experience, he wrote a small manual, entitled "Aids to Scouting", which summarised lectures he had given on military scouting, to help train recruits. The lectures concentrated on training young men to think independently and with initiative, and to survive in the wilderness. Although intended for military use, the training manual soon became widely used by teachers and youth organisations. Baden-Powell consulted with the founder of the Boys' Brigade, Sir William Alexander Smith, and subsequently re-wrote the manual to suit the youth market. He held the first camp to test out his reworked ideas on 29 July 1907 on Brownsea Island, for 22 boys of mixed social background.