Eufaula Dam is a dam that spans across the Canadian River with construction on the damn beginning in 1956, but the wasn't completed until 1964. It controls levels in Eufaula Lake; which is one of the world's largest man-made lakes, encompassing about 102,500 acres. The dam provides flood control, water supply, navigation and hydroelectric power generation. Eufaula Dam was dedication by President Lyndon B. Johnson on September 25th, 1964. Also in recent years the Dam Site South camping area operated by the United States Army Corps of Engineers had a name change to Lady Bird Landing in dedication to the First Lady.

Rock types

Rock type is usually defined as a particular kind of rock having a specific set of characteristics. Rock types are specific assemblages of minerals (most rocks are composed of minerals). Rocks are much more vaguely defined than minerals. Even rocks within one rock type may have a highly variable composition.

Igneous rocks

It all starts with igneous rocks. The Earth is believed to have been entirely molten in its early stages of development. Hence, all other rock types are derivatives of igneous rocks.

Metamorphic rocks

Metamorphic rocks are derived from other pre-existing rocks by mineralogical and/or structural changes. Metamorphism takes place in the solid state and at elevated pressure and temperature generally at depth in the crust.

Sedimentary rocks

Sedimentary rocks are products of the consolidation of loose sediments which are in most part bits and pieces of other disintegrated rocks. There are three main types of sedimentary rocks: mudstone, sandstone, limestone.

Sure, this is very simplistic approach, but volumetrically almost all sedimentary rocks fall under these categories if we give them relatively broad definition e.g. sandstone also includes siltstones and conglomerates, and limestone includes all sedimentary carbonate rocks. There are notable exception that do not fit into this classification scheme like evaporites, coal, and chert, but volumetrically they are clearly less important. In the list below, of course, these exceptions are not neglected.

Here is some relative information about time. Time is relative to all things on earth because parts of our geology span across different time scales. Here's the times scales explained.

Precambrian - This eon represents the bulk of the time scale, spanning from about 570 million years ago to the evolution of the Earth at 4.54 billion years ago. Rocks from this time are mainly complex metamorphic and igneous rocks that form a large volume of the continental crust. There are very few fossils from this time period, due to the fact that life was primitive and had not evolved hard body parts. However, in some special circumstances, such as in the Ediacara Hills in South Australia, these primitive soft-bodied life forms can be found well preserved.

Paleozoic – means “ancient life” and the era marks the time (570 million years ago) at which fossils become abundant. In fact, the start of the Paleozoic is referred to as the “Cambrian Explosion” due to the seemingly sudden development of a vast array of life forms that are preserved as fossils. The variety of life that evolved is astounding, including marine organisms, fish, amphibians, land plants, and even huge insects. The Paleozoic era ended about 250 million years with the opposite event, the “Permian Extinction,” during which more than 80% of all of Earth’s life forms disappeared.

Mesozoic – means “middle life”. Fossil reptiles and invertebrates dominate these rocks. Many of the Earth’s major mountain ranges also were formed. The era’s most famous denizen is the dinosaur, and reptiles (as well as flora) thrived in the generally mild climates that dominated most continents. Pangaea, a huge super continent that formed during the late Paleozoic, began to break up during the Mesozoic. The era again ended with another mass extinction, whose cause is often attributed to a collision of a comet or meteor. This extinction however caused the destruction of the dinosaurs.

Cenozoic – means “recent life” and is currently still in progress. Most fossils are related to modern forms, including mammals, modern plants, and invertebrates. Mammals are the dominant vertebrate life form. The first fossils of humans and human like animals appear about 3 million years ago, with Homo sapiens (modern humans) evolving about 50,000 years ago.

Erosion also plays a big part in our geological landscape. Here are some types of erosion.

Water Erosion - Water erosion occurs from the chemicals in the water, and the force of the flow of water in the river. There are many chemicals in the water of a river, and those chemicals can break down certain rocks, such as limestone or chalk. This eroded rock is carried down the river. Sometimes, a crack or crevice develops. When the force of the flowing river smashes into that crack, the rock can break away, and again be carried down the river. As you can see, erosion creates a load in the river. When rocks, pebbles or even boulders smack the riverbed, or side, this can cause further erosion. Also, if a boulder is stuck in an eddy, it can create a pothole in the riverbed.

Wind Erosion - Wind erosion, though it may be small where you live, can take quite a toll on areas of the world covered in desert. Wind erosion is simple... light objects, such as rocks and pebbles are carried by the wind and can hit landforms, eroding materials off them, that are carried off in the wind.

Glacier Erosion - Ice erosion, besides that of hail, comes mostly in the form of glacier erosion. Glaciers are giant bodies of ice that can pick up huge pieces of rock, some even as big as houses. A combination of the water, ice, and picked up sediment, create a powerful eroding machine. The more sediment that's picked up, the greater the force of erosion. The erosion can smooth out areas that were once rugged and rocky. Glaciers can carry almost anything, and like sandpaper, the sediment just keeps increasing. Glaciers are such a powerful force that they can carve valleys, deposit moraines, or lead to the creation of land forms such as delta's.

Sea Erosion - Erosion in the Sea also occurs. The salts and other chemicals can erode weak rocks on the coast, such as limestone and chalk. The eroded materials are carried up the shore by the means of a longshore drift Waves crashing against the shore can create air pressure inside cracked rocks, that can eventually break them. Furthermore, if rocks, pebbles or sediment is carried in the waves, they can smash up against the shore and erode it even more.

Soil Erosion - Soil erosion pays the biggest price to farmers. Flooding, wind etc. can carry the topsoil away from farmlands, and make the soil unfertilized.

To claim this EC you need not take or submit pictures, but they are greatly appreciated and we would honestly love to see them. Answer the questions below in a message sent to me with the name or GC of the cache and log your find. I will email you back with in a day or so. If the answers are not sufficient the logs will be deleted and a message sent letting you know the outcome.

1. At GZ the rock wall that is there. What type of rocks do you believe is the Stratum?

2. Define Stratum.

3. Which of the rocks in the stratum is the youngest and the oldest?

4. With the face of the rocks showing what type of erosion would these susceptible to?

5. What time scale do you think the rocks were formed and why? Would it be the Precambrian, Paleozoic, Mesozoic, or Cenozoic?

You can copy and paste these in the message or send the answer to each question. Please do not post in log.

Thank you.