🏔️ Ngozumba Glacier🏔️ EarthCache

Ngozumba Glacier

• Length: ~19 km (longest glacier in Nepal)
• Width: up to 1,5 km
• Covered Area: 61 km⊃2;
• Flow rate: up to 36 m per year. Only the upper part flows, the last 6,5km don't show movement
• Origin: Cho Ou (8188 m) and Gyachung Kang (7922 m)
• Status: Shrinking. Ablation of about 1 m per year
• Lower parts are covered in sediments and debris with in increasing thickness towards the end
• Extention is about ~500 m lower than clean glaciers in this area
• The surface of the glacier lies ~150 m below the crest of the bounding moraines

Like many other glaciers today, Ngozumba Glacier is shrinking. If a glacier grows, stagnates or shrinks is mainly determined by the Equilibrium Line Altitute (ELA). This line is the border between to areas,

Accumulation Zone: Area where the glacier is able to grow by getting more new snow and ice, than melting away

Ablation Zone: Area where the glacier is loosing volume since less snow and ice is available then melts away

If this line moves through envirotmental changes, like average temperature or precipitation rate, it directly influences the glacier.

The ELA at Ngozumba Glacier has moved up in the previous years, causing an inclina in the flow rate to the point, that the last 6,5 km don't show any signs of movement at all. Due to the lack of new material this area melts by a rate of approximately 1 m per year.

This also caused an increase of melt water. Due to the fact, that the glacier is edged completly by moraines this results in the formation of a lake, at the very end of it. Due to the prximity to the spillway it is called a spillway lake. This is a pretty common phenomenon to retreating glaciers always coming with the danger of glacial lake ouburst floods releasing huge amounts of water into the valley bellow.

Depositional Landforms

Glaciers transport large amounts of sediments and debris. This is done by pushing or flowing transport on or in the glacier. The deposits are called moraines. Various types of moraines can be distinguished.

• Upper moraine: Emerge when material falls from the side walls onto the glacier or material carried in the glacier is pushed up and is getting visible by melting. Through the sediment, the surface is darker, up to the complete covering of the ice.
• Medial moraine: Can be seen normally as a dark band in the glacier. They arise in the confluence of two glaciers.
• Ground moraine: Indicates almost all the sediments left by a glacier after its retreat, mainly on the bottom of glacier valleys.
• End moraine: The most significant form of moraines are the end moraines. They form at the end of a glacier, if it does not move for a long time. It is also possible to see the maximum extent. As a rule, end moraine can be recognized on its horseshoe-shaped hill shape.
• Lateral moraine: Form along the edges of glacier tongues. The material can come from the side rock, but will mainly come from material transported in the glacier.

गोजोमोबा ग्लेशियर

• लम्बाई: ~ 1 9 किमी (नेपालमा सबैभन्दा लामो ग्लेशियर)
• चौडाई: 1,5 किलोमिटर सम्म
• आवरण क्षेत्र: 61 km⊃2;
• प्रवाह दर: प्रति वर्ष 36 मिटर सम्म। केवल माथिल्लो भाग प्रवाह हुन्छ, अन्तिम 6,5 किलोमिटरले गति देखाउँदैन
• उत्पत्ति: चो ओउ (8188 एम) र ग्यचुंग कांग (7 922 मीटर)
• स्थिति: सिक्दै। प्रति वर्ष लगभग 1 मीटर को क्षण
• निचो भागहरू भित्तामा राखिएको छ र मलबे अन्तमा मोटाई बढ्दै जान्छ
• यस क्षेत्रमा साढे 5 ~ 500 मिटर लामो ग्लेशियर भन्दा कम छ
• ग्लेशियरको सतहले बाध्यता नैतिकताका क्रिस्ट भन्दा तल 150 मिटर लामो हुन्छ
  
  आज धेरै अन्य ग्लेशियर्स जस्तै, Ngozumba ग्लेशियर हटना छ। यदि एक ग्लेशियर बढ्छ भने, स्थिर वा घटाउँदा मुख्यतया विलम्बिरी रेखा अल्ट्राटाइटी (ELA) द्वारा निर्धारण गरिएको छ। यो रेखा क्षेत्रहरू बीच सीमा हो,
  
  संचलन जोन: क्षेत्र जहाँ जहाँ ग्लेशियर बढ्ने नयाँ बर्फ र बर्फ प्राप्त गरेर सक्षम हुन सक्दछ, टाढा टाढा
  
  क्षेत्र सिकाउँदा: एरिया जहाँ ग्लेशियियर मात्रा खो रहेको छ किनकी कम बर्फ र बर्फ उपलब्ध छ तब तब गल्ती हुन्छ
  
  यदि यो रेखा ईभरेटोन्टाइनल परिवर्तनहरूको माध्यमबाट हुन्छ भने जस्तै औसत तापमान वा वर्षा दर, यो सीधा ग्लेशियरलाई प्रभाव पार्छ।
  
  गौजाम्बा ग्लेशियरमा ईएलए अघिल्लो वर्षहरूमा बढेको छ, यसको कारण प्रवाहको दरमा एक झुकावट पैदा भएको छ, अन्तिम 6,5 किलोमिटरले कुनै पनि आंदोलनको कुनै संकेत देखाउँदैन। नयाँ सामग्रीको कमीको कारण यो क्षेत्र लगभग 1 मीटर प्रति वर्ष दर हुन्छ।
  
  यसले पनि पिघरे पानीको वृद्धि बढाउँछ। यस तथ्यको कारण, कि ग्लेशियर पूर्ण रूपमा नैतिकता द्वारा यसको परिणामस्वरूप एक झील को गठन मा परिणाम को रूप मा, यसको अन्त मा। स्पाइलवेको निकटताको कारणले यसलाई स्पाइलवे ताल भनिन्छ। यो ग्लेशियर्स पछाडीको लागि एक साधारण साधारण घटना हो जुन ग्लेसिअल झीलको खतराको साथ आउँदै गर्दा घाटीको बोलोमा पानीको ठूलो मात्रा जारी।