SLO: Tovarna papirja na Njivicah je bila ustanovljena leta 1745 na prostoru ob Sopoti, kjer je okrog leta 1588 delovala fužina Jurija Gaispergerja. Postopoma je prevzemala vlogo najpomembnejšega gibala gospodarskega življenja na radeškem območju. Med I. in II. svetovno vojno je bila tovarna v lasti družine Piatnik z Dunaja. V času II. svetovne vojne so njen potencial intenzivno koristili Nemci, kar ni bilo nepoznano zaveznikom. Anglo-ameriško letalstvo je takrat nemški Papirnici pogosto stregla po življenju, a neuspešno.
Vojno vihro je tovarna do leta 1944 preživela v zavetrju ozke soteske pod vznožjem Žebnika in Jelovega.
Zaradi pomena, ki ga je v gospodarskem razvoju radeškega območja vseskozi imela tovarna papirja, ta nedvomno zasluži nekoliko podrobnejši vpogled v njeno zanimivo zgodovino. Že omenjeno letnico njenega nastanka, med drugim potrjuje podatek iz knjige izdatkov Mestnega magistrata v Ljubljani, da so januarja 1746 kupili pet rizmov (ena rizma je 480 pol) papirja, od mlina za papir v Radečah.
Takratni vodja papirnega mlina Andrej Müller naj bi veljal za zelo sposobnega papirničarja tistega časa. Proizvajal naj bi veliki, srednji in mali poštni papir, prav tak konceptni papir, ovojni papir, pivnike ter lepenko. Izdelovalec je uporabljal že različne vodne znake. Eden njih je imel sredi pole poštni rog ter grb radeških graščakov Mordaxov. O Papirnici naj bi obstajal zapis tudi v kroniki laške dekanije, kjer je Janez Gajšnik, mimogrede ob opisu cerkve Sv. Pankraca na Žebniku še omenil: ˝Hudournik, ki izvira na meji gospostva Svibno, poganja tudi kolo Papirnice …˝. Še bolj verodostojno sporočilo je na željo kranjskih oblasti izdelal pater Gabriel Gruber. Ta je v obiskanem radeškem papirnem mlinu videl kamnite zaboje, v katerih so se razkrajale cunje. Te so sekali na tnalu. Mlin je pogosto stal zaradi nizkega vodostaja Sopote ali pa so žage in mlini nad njim, zaradi svojih potreb, zaprli vodo.
Za izdelavo papirne kaše je papirničar Müller uporabljal preluknjane deske, ki jo je sukal po brenti s snovjo. Ker je bilo težko priti do cunj kot osnovne surovine, je pomagala oblast z ustanovitvijo posebnih zbiralnic oz. skladišč zanje. Iz teh skladišč so lahko tudi drugi papirni mlini, npr. tisti v Žuženberku, kupovali cunje po 1 goldinar in 25 krajcerjev za cent.
Po kupni pogodbi iz leta 1786 je postala lastnica radeške Papirnice Marija Magdalena von Amigoni, deset let zatem pa jo je kupil Anton Plušk, ki ga je nasledil sin. Leta 1809 so tudi v kraje ob Savi in Sopoti prodrli francoski vojaki z ustanovitvijo Ilirskih provinc. Iz tega časa žal ni podatkov o usodi papirnega mlina na Njivicah.
Zgodovina radeške Papirnice se nadaljuje v 19. stoletju, ko je oblast znova prevzela avstro-ogrska monarhija. Papirni mlin je njegov lastnik Anton Plušk ml., ki je bil tudi navigacijski komisar v Radečah leta 1816 prodal Tomažu Tanzarju. Ta se je lotil temeljite obnove Papirnice. Leta 1819 sta Papirnico kupila brata Jurij in Karel Tanzer. Prvi je imel tedaj tudi tiskarno v Gradcu. Najprej sta poravnala dolgove do upnikov.
Papirnica je tedaj dobila zidano gospodarsko poslopje s šestimi sobami za zaposlene, kuhinjo, vinsko klet in veliko zbiralno dvorano s sušilnimi napravami, ob poslopju pa še hleve in druge pomožne prostore.
Tehnično novost sta predstavljala dva kovinska ˝holandska mlina˝, ki sta nadomestila zamudno ročno sekljanje cunj s hitrejšim mehaničnim cefranjem, s posebnimi noži v svoji notranjosti.
Za Tanzerji je prešla Papirnica leta 1836 v roke zakupnika Janeza Pothorna. Tovarniški direktor je postal Jožef Zdolšek, papirni mojster je bil Franc Höfler, delavec pri izdelavi papirja pa Ignac Gril. Novi lastnik je poskrbel tudi za različne vodne znake na grobem in na finejšem papirju.
Težka preizkušnja za radeško Papirnico je nastopila, ko je v Vevčah v tem času že stekla strojna izdelava papirja. Da so se težave samo kopičile, je poskrbelo še leta 1844 razdivjano hudo neurje po dolini Sopote, ko je voda zalila papirnico in tudi Pothornovo graščino. Ko je leta 1848 stekla železniška proga mimo Zidanega Mosta do Ljubljane, je to Papirnici prineslo še dodatno težavo, omogočilo je cenejši uvoz papirja od drugod.
Ker ni bilo veliko zaslužka, so leta 1851 papirnico prodali Filipu Jakobu Prodniku, zakupniku graščine Pišeče na Bizeljskem, a tudi ta ni zmogel sanacije in napredka papirnice. Zato jo je leta 1878 kupil delničar vevške papirnice, znani podjetnik Valentin Krisper in jo povsem obnovil. Zavedal se je potrebe po modernizaciji tovarne. Na Dunaju je kupil prvi papirni stroj, ki je omogočal izdelovanje finega dokumentnega papirja za razne listine. Izvažali so ga družbi Piatnik na Dunaj. Leta 1898 so zgradili cunjarno, zgradbo, ki se je do današnjih dni drži oznaka ˝capfabrika˝. Valentin Krisper je ob Sopoti pri Papirnici zgradil tudi novo stanovanjsko poslopje za svoje sodelavce. Ljudje so se ga spominjali kot zelo socialnega človeka, ki je znal poskrbeti za dobro razumevanje med delavci.
Ko so leta 1907 odkupili Papirnico v zelo dobrem stanju Ferdinand, Adolf in Rudolf Piatnik z Dunaja, je ob tem dogodku Valentin Krisper podaril vsakemu delavcu cekin, sam pa ostal upravnik tovarne vse do smrti. Piatnik je danes znan predvsem po svojih kartah in puzzlih.
Lastniki tovarne so tudi nadaljnje obdobje, tako med prvo svetovno vojno, kot v skupni državi Srbov, Hrvatov in Slovencev, ostali isti. Z raznimi prezidavami so spreminjali podobo podjetja. A delavcem razmere v tovarni niso bile naklonjene, še posebej pa v hudi zimi leta 1928–1929. Skušali so si izboriti nekatere osnovne pravice, na kar Piatniki niso radi pristajali. Leta 1935 je prišel v Radeče inž. Viktor Piatnik, uvedel delo na akord, delavke, ki ga niso zmogle, pa je upokojil. Izdelal je načrte za drugi papirni stroj in ga leta 1939 obnovil za izdelavo še boljših papirjev in kartonov. Z obema papirnima strojema so v ugodnih razmerah dosegali proizvodnjo 25 ton papirja dnevno.
Med nemško okupacijo je podjetje nadaljevalo z delom, večina papirniških delavcev se je vključila že leta 1942 v krajevni odbor Osvobodilne fronte. Po njihovi zaslugi je na dobro organiziran način ˝izhlapelo˝ iz tovarne veliko papirja za potrebe NOB. Vilko Nemec je v hiši Avgusta Žepka organiziral skrbno varovano skladišče tega papirja. Po požigu tovarne leta 1944 so se upravni prostori Papirnice preselili v Radeče, najprej v Hmeljevo in potem v Krisperjevo hišo, kjer so ostali do konca vojne.
Po vojni je Tovarna papirja krenila v nagel razvoj novih papirnih tehnologij, ki so ji odpirale jugoslovanske ter kasneje tudi afriške in druge trge. Takšen razvojni zasuk gre pripisati usposabljanju lastnih strokovnih kadrov, specialistov za vrednostne papirje ter modremu vodenju dolgoletnega direktorja in papirniškega strokovnjaka Staneta Koselja. Njegovo razvojno usmeritev je z velikimi naložbami v razvoj tehnologije in novimi menedžerskimi pristopi v podjetju zavzeto nadaljeval direktor Janez Zahrastnik. Danes je tovarna v zasebni lasti in uspešno nadaljuje razvojne usmeritve obeh predhodnih direktorjev.
Zgodovina na kratko: Tradicija papirništva v Radečah sega v leto 1736.
1736 Izdelan je bil zaščitni vodni znak z napisom Ratschah
1908 Bratje Piatnik temeljito obnovijo papirnico
1939 Prenovitev stroja za izdelavo boljših papirjev in kartonov (proizvodnja 25 ton na dan)
1965 Zgrajen papirni stroj III in posodobljen energetski objekt
1975 Postavljen papirni stroj IV in dograjeni novi proizvodni prostor
1983 Postavljen nov papirni stroj V, ki je namenjen proizvodnji vrednostnih in zaščitenih papirjev
2002 Tehnološka posodobitev PS4
2010 Rekonstrukcija PS5
2013 Ustanovitev podjetja Radeče papir Nova d.o.o.
Zakladek vsebuje: dnevnik in pisalo.
Za določitev končnih koordinat je potrebno rešiti sledeče (nekaj malega pomoči se nahaja v namigu) / The following must be solved to determine the final coordinates (hint can give you some help to solve this):
EN: Njivice paper mill was founded in 1745 near river Sopota, where around 1588 Yuri Gaisperger foundation was operating. It gradually assumed the role of the most important driver of economic life in the Radeče region. Between WWI and WWII. During WWII Factory was owned by Piatnik family from Vienna. At this time paper mill was heavily exploited by the Germans, which was unknown to the Allies. Anglo-American aviation often try to hit at that time German paper mill, but failed each time. The factory survived the war because of it's location in a narrow gorge at the foot of hill Žebnik and Jelovo.
Due to the importance of the paper mill in the economic development of the Radeče area, this paper undoubtedly deserves some more detailed insight into its interesting history. The aforementioned year of its creation, among other things, confirms the information from the book of expenditures of the City Magistrate in Ljubljana that in January 1746 they purchased five rhymes (one rhizome is 480 poles) of paper, from a paper mill in Radeče.
According to the purchase contract of 1786, new owner of the Radeče Paper Mill was Mary Magdalen von Amigoni, and ten years later it was bought by Anton Plušk, who was succeeded by his son. In 1809, French troops also penetrated the sites along the Sava and Sopota with the establishment of the Illyrian Provinces. Unfortunately, there is no information from that time of the fate of the paper mill in Njivice.
The history of the Radeče Paper Mill continues in the 19th century, when the Austro-Hungarian monarchy regained power. The paper mill was owned by Anton Plušk Jr. The latter undertook a thorough renovation of the Paper Mill. In 1819, the paper mill was purchased by brothers Yuri and Karel Tanzer. The first one also had a printing office in Graz.
The paper mill then received a masonry outbuilding with six rooms for employees, a kitchen, a wine cellar and a large collecting hall with dryers, and a barn and other auxiliary rooms adjacent to the building. Two metal "Dutch mills" were a technical innovation, replacing the time-consuming manual chopping of cones by faster mechanical milling, with special knives inside.
The Tanzerji passed the Paper Mill in 1836 into the hands of lessee John Pothorn. The factory director was Jozef Zdolšek, the paper master was Franc Höfler, and the paper maker Ignac Gril. The new owner also made various watermarks on coarse and fine paper.
A difficult ordeal for the Radeče Paper Mill came when Vevče Paper Mill started to manufacture paper-making. In 1844, a severe storm over the Sopota valley caused problem, water flooded the paper mill. When the railway line passed past Zidani Most to Ljubljana in 1848, this gave the Paper Mill an additional problem, allowing cheaper paper imports from elsewhere.
In 1851 the paper mill was sold to Philip Jakob Prodnik, the tenant of the Piselječa mansion in Bizeljsko, but it also failed to repair and improve the paper mill. That is why in 1878 it was bought by the shareholder of Veve paper mill, the famous entrepreneur Valentin Krisper, and it was completely restored. He was aware of the need to modernize the factory. He bought the first paper machine in Vienna, which enabled the production of fine document paper for various documents. It was exported to Piatnik Vienna. In 1898, they built a cafeteria, a building that still holds the label “Capfabrika” to this day. Valentin Krisper also built a new residential building for his associates near Sopota near Papirnica. He was remembered by people as a very social man who was able to provide a good understanding among workers.
Ferdinand, Adolf and Rudolf Piatnik from Vienna bought paper mill in a very good condition in 1907, Valentine Krisper donated a piece of bricks to each worker at the event and remained the manager of the factory until his death.
The factory owners also remained the same during the first world war, as well as in the common state of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes. Through various redevelopments, they changed the image of the company. However, the situation in the factory was not favorable to the workers, especially in the severe winter of 1928-1929. They tried to win some basic rights, which the Piatniki did not like to agree to. In 1935 he came to Radeče eng. Viktor Piatnik, introduced chord work and retired workers who failed. He made plans for a second paper machine and rebuilt it in 1939 to produce even better papers and cartons. With both paper machines, they produced 25 tonnes of paper per day under favorable conditions.
During the German occupation, the company continued its operations, with most paper workers already joining the Liberation Front Local Board in 1942. Due to them, a lot of paper was “evaporated” from the factory in a well organized way for the needs of the NOB. In the house of August Žepko, Vilko Nemec organized a carefully guarded warehouse of this paper. After the factory was burned down in 1944, Papirnica's administrative premises moved to Radece, first to Khmelev and then to Krisper's House, where they remained until the end of the war.
After the war, the Paper Factory embarked on the rapid development of new paper technologies that opened up the Yugoslav and later African and other markets. Such a development turn can be attributed to the training of our own professional staff, securities specialists and the wise management of long-time director and paper expert Stanet Koselj. Director Janez Zahrastnik enthusiastically continued his development orientation with great investments in technology development and new management approaches in the company. Today, the plant is privately owned and successfully continues the development orientations of the two previous directors.
History in a nutshell: The paperwork tradition in Radeče dates back to 1736.
1736 A watermark with the Rdeče inscription was made
1908 The Piatnik brothers thoroughly rebuild the paper mill
1939 Renovation of a machine for the production of better paper and paperboard (production of 25 tons per day)
1965 Paper machine III built and energy facility updated
1975 Paper machine IV is installed and a new production space is upgraded
1983 New paper machine V is set up for the production of securities and securities
2002 PS4 Technology Update
2010 PS5 Reconstruction
2013 Establishment of the company Radeče papir Nova d.o.o.
In cache: logbook and pencil
