How to Train Your Dragon is a series of twelve children's books, written by British author Cressida Cowell. The books are set in a fictional Viking world and focus on the experiences of protagonist Hiccup as he overcomes great obstacles on his journey of Becoming a Hero, the Hard Way.
《如何馴服你的龍》（How to Train Your Dragon）是由2003年英國童書作家克雷西達·考威爾筆下的作品。在英國已經出版了一系列，且情節都是以第一集《如何馴服你的龍》做為基礎的續集。系列的主角都是由一名維京人海盜的年輕兒子「小嗝嗝」（Hiccup）來擔當。
該作品後來由夢工廠動畫改編為動畫電影『馴龍高手』，如果你非常喜歡電影版裡的角色及劇情，強烈建議你不要再回頭去看書了...
In the easternmost part of Taiwan, there are dragons.
在台灣的最東邊，有龍存在。
This is the Lailai geological area, located near Sandiaojiao, the easternmost island of Taiwan. The coast here is rocky, mainly composed of sedimentary rocks 20 to 30 million years ago mixed with a very small number of igneous rocks millions of years ago. Because of the tortuous coastline and the erosion of wind and waves over the years, it is famous for its diverse geological landscapes.
這裡是萊萊地質區，位在台灣本島最東的三貂角附近。這裡的海岸為岩岸，主要是由兩、三千萬年前的沉積岩參雜極少數數百萬年前的火成岩所組成，由於海岸線曲折又因風浪長年侵蝕，因此以多樣的地質景觀聞名。
Walking through the tree-lined path to the coast, you can immediately see several bright red and black stacked huge rocks standing on the coast, just like a few giant dragons lying on the coast, which makes people produce the illusion of entering the dragon's habitat.
穿過林蔭小徑走到海岸邊，馬上就可以看到好幾塊鮮豔的赤紅色與黑色相疊的巨大岩石聳立於海岸上，宛如好幾頭趴伏在海岸邊的巨龍，給人一種誤闖入龍的棲息地的錯覺。
What kind of geological activities can produce such a phenomenon? Get closer with these "fire dragons" and the knowledge from this EarthCache could bring you to find their source, so that you could know it, and tame it.
究竟是怎麼樣的地質活動會產生這樣的現象呢？近距離去接觸這些"火龍"並且用這個地質寶所帶給你的知識來尋找牠們的來源， 認識牠、馴服牠吧。
Dyke / 岩脈
Igneous rocks have different shapes and mineral structures depending on whether the magma is ejected from the surface or cooled and solidified under the ground. When the magma blasts out of the surface and cools quickly, Extrusive igneous rock are formed. If magma intrudes into the depths of the ground and slowly cools down, Intrusive igneous rocks are formed.
When the intrusive rock cuts through the ground or is obviously not parallel to the ground, we classify it as a discordant rock mass, and if it is parallel to the ground in the rock, it is called a concordant.
火成岩依照岩漿是噴出地表或在地底下冷卻凝固會產生不同的形狀、礦物結構。當岩漿噴出地表、快速冷卻，則形成噴出岩。若岩漿侵入地底深處，緩慢冷卻，則是形成侵入岩。而當侵入岩切穿地層面或明顯與地層不平行時，我們將它分類為非整合貫入(Discordant)的岩體，反之若與岩石中的地層面平行則稱為整合貫入(Concordant)。
The dyke is an unconformable intrusive rock mass, formed by magma intruding into the fissures of the surrounding rock. At that time, multiple dykes may appear in groups, and several to hundreds of dykes may be formed in a single or variable number of invasion events, forming dyke groups. The width of the Dyke ranges from a few centimeters to tens of meters, usually rarely more than 30 meters wide, and the length is from a few meters to hundreds of kilometers. Generally speaking, the length of Dyke will be much larger than the width, and there are no matter whether it is parallel or perpendicular to the formation.
而岩脈為不整合貫入的侵入岩體，是岩漿侵入圍岩的裂隙所形成。有時候多個岩脈可能會成群出現，而數個到數百個岩脈可能會在單一或數量不定的入侵事件中形成，就會形成岩脈群。岩脈的寬度從數公分到數十公尺都有，通常很少超過三十公尺寬，長度則是數公尺到數百公里都有。一般來說，岩脈的長度會遠大於寬度，且不管是與地層平行還是垂直的岩脈都存在。
Fault / 斷層
When being squeezed or pulled by external forces, the rock mass or rock formation will crack or even slide. Fault refers to the phenomenon that the fractured discontinuous rock mass or rock formation slides and shifts along the fracture surface. A fault is sometimes an obvious fracture surface, but usually a fault fracture zone with a considerable width is formed. The fault zone is mostly composed of broken rocks and soil on both sides of the fault.
當受到外力的擠壓、拉扯，岩體或岩層將產生破裂，甚至滑動。斷層指的是破裂不連續的岩體或岩層沿著破裂面彼此有滑動位移的現象。斷層有時為明顯的斷裂破碎面，但通常都會形成一個斷層破碎帶，具有相當的寬度，斷層帶多由斷層兩側的破碎岩塊和碎土組成。
The rock above the fault plane is called the hanging wall, and the rock below the fault plane is called the foot wall. When the hanging wall slides down along the fault plane, it is called a normal fault; on the contrary, when the hanging wall moves upward along the fault plane, it is called a reverse fault. If there is a fault plane and the rocks on both sides slide relatively along the fault strike, it is called a strike-slip fault.
斷層面之上的岩石稱為上盤(hanging wall)，在斷層面之下的岩石則稱為下盤(foot wall)。當上盤沿著斷層面向下滑動時，稱為正斷層(normal fault)；相反當上盤沿著斷層面往上移動時則稱為逆斷層(reverse faule)。若斷層面，而兩側岩石沿著斷層走向相對滑動則稱為走滑斷層(又稱平移斷層)(strike-slip fault)。
Now you have all the necessary knowledge to know the birth of dragons, make good use of this knowledge, and answer the following questions with the observation of dragons on the spot, and you can find the source of dragons.
現在你已經具備了認識火龍們誕生所需的必要知識，善用這些知識，配合在現場對火龍們的觀察並回答下列問題，你便能找到牠們的根源。
You'll have to visit here at the low tide to have a better observation and answer the questions, please check the tide table before you visit this earthcache.
※請注意: 為了能更好的觀察並回答問題，請於退潮時段造訪此處。出發前請先確認潮汐表。※
To log this cache, please answer the following questions:
- Please observe the two rocks with completely different colors and properties on the body of the dragon, compare them with the rocks on the coast and explain the types and sources of these two rocks. Think and try to explian how they became like this.
請觀察火龍身上的兩種顏色與性質截然不同的岩石，將火龍身上的岩石與海岸的岩體做比較，並說明這兩種岩石的種類與來源。試想並解釋它們是如何變成現在這個樣子的。
- According to your observation of the fire dragon rock on the coast, do these dragons come from the same origin (the same dyke)? If so, what kind of fault separates this dyke. And according to your observation, do you think this dyke has experienced a total of how many times of fault cutting?
根據你對海岸以及火龍岩的觀察，這些火龍們是否來自同一個根源(同一條岩脈)？如果你的答案是肯定的話，請問是什麼種類的斷層將這條岩脈分割開來？而根據你的觀察，你覺得這條岩脈總共經歷過幾條/次斷層的切割？
- After you answer the above two questions successfully, you have learned the ancient wisdom related to these dragon species. Now, choose a fire dragon you like and take a photo with it. Show me how you train your dragon. (No face required, of course.)
當你成功回答上述兩個問題時，你已經習得了與這些龍種有關的遠古智慧。現在，挑一隻你最喜歡的火龍並且與牠合照，讓我看看你是如何馴服這些火龍的吧！
Notes:
- Please don’t post any answers in your log.
- Please send the answers to the owner via message system of geocaching.com. Only the accounts that sent the answers could log as found, so please make sure you sent your own answers even you’re in the group-hunting.
- You MUST visit the earthcache location to claim a find. I’ll delete the logs of people who clearly didn’t visit the earthcache or who didn't complete the logging tasks.
- You don’t have to wait the permission to log after you send the answers. Any logs without all of the answers will be deleted.
REF: 普通地質學, 地質學習教室, 臺灣地質知識服務網