Na zemlji so ribe živele že zdavnaj, kar pričajo tudi fosilni ostanki rib, pred približno 251 do 199 milijoni let. Pred milijoni let je tudi Slovenijo prekrival ocean Tetida. Vsi ostanki rib na slikah so tako najdeni pri nas pod Triglavom in Kamniško-Savinjskih Alpah.
Fish have lived on earth for a long time, as evidenced by the fossil remains of fish, about 251 to 199 million years ago. Millions of years ago, Slovenia was also covered by the Tethys Ocean. All the remains of fish in the pictures are thus found here under Triglav and the Kamnik-Savinja Alps.
Od kod izhaja ribolov? Mnoge najdbe kažejo, da se je ribolov začel pojavljati že pred davnimi časi. V prvi vrsti se je ribolov uporabljal v prehranjevalne namene, kjer so ljudje v morju, rekah, jezerih in vseh drugih vodah lovili ribe, da bi lahko preživeli sebe in svoje družine. Najprej je človek lovil ribe v kalužah, ki so ostale po povodnjih. Tudi ostanki ribjih kosti in stenske slike v jamah pričajo o tem, kako pomemben vir prehrane so bile ribe v zgodovini. Izkopanine, poslikave v votlinah, najdeni fosilni predmeti nas učijo, da je bil v pradavnini poleg lova ribolov eden najpomembnejših načinov prehranjevanja človeka. Najdbe kažejo, da so v jamah našli prvo primitivno ribiško opremo. Med začetno ribiško opremo uvrščamo loke in sulice, lovili pa so tudi z golimi rokami.
Where does fishing come from? Many finds indicate that fishing began to appear long ago. Primarily, fishing was used for food purposes, where people fished in the sea, rivers, lakes and all other waters in order to survive themselves and their families. First, man fished in puddles left over from floods. The remains of fish bones and wall paintings in caves also testify to how important a source of food fish have been in history. Excavations, paintings in caves, found fossil objects teach us that in ancient times, in addition to hunting, fishing was one of the most important ways of human nutrition. Finds indicate that the first primitive fishing gear was found in the caves. The initial fishing equipment includes bows and spears, and they also fished with bare hands.
V tej najzgodnejši dobi nomadska plemena, v katerih je človek živel, niso poznala nobenih omejitev, ne v načinu ulova ne v številu rib. Kar je (pra)človek ujel, je bilo njegovo. Rib je bilo dovolj, človek pa je lovil izključno zaradi prehrane. Toda v nadaljnjem razvoju človek ni bil več nomad oz. potujoči lovec. Pričel se je za stalno naseljevati in braniti svoje domače okolje pred drugimi vsiljivci. Prilastil si je tudi pravico do izključnega ribolova na področju, kjer je živel. Najprej si je izdelal pripomočke, s katerimi je lahko nabadal ribe. Na Barju so našli od 38.000 do 45.000 let staro leseno ost sulice.
In this earliest age, the nomadic tribes in which man lived knew no limits, neither in the mode of catch nor in the number of fish. What (proto) man captured was his. There were enough fish, and man hunted solely for his diet. But in the further development man was no longer a nomad or. traveling hunter. He began to settle permanently and defend his home environment from other invaders. He also appropriated the right to exclusive fishing in the area where he lived. First, he made gadgets with which he could prick fish. A 38,000 to 45,000-year-old wooden spearhead was found in Barje.
Najpogostejši lovni pripomoček je trnek. Po najdbah sodeč, so bili zagozdni trnki dolgi 2 do 3 cm. Uporabljali pa so jih že vsaj 600.000 let pred našim štetjem. Zagozdni trnki so bili kamniti, koščeni, iz biserne matice in pa tudi leseni. Na obeh koncih so bili ošiljeni. V sredini so imeli utor, kjer je bila privezana vrvica, ki je bila najpogosteje pletena iz konjske žime. Zagozdni trnek so porinili globoko v vabo. Ko jo je riba pogoltnila, se je trnek v ribjem želodcu postavil počez (se je zagozdil) in riba se je ujela.
The most common hunting tool is a hook. Judging by the findings, the wedge hooks were 2 to 3 cm long. However, they have been used for at least 600,000 years BC. The wedge hooks were made of stone, bone, pearl nut, and also wood. They were tapered at both ends. In the middle they had a groove where a string was tied, which was most often knitted from horsehair. The wedge hook was pushed deep into the bait. When the fish swallowed it, the hook in the fish's stomach was placed across (jammed) and the fish was caught.
Prvi ukrivljeni trnki, podobni zdajšnjim, so stari okrog 8.000 let. Najprej so bili iz lesa, kosti ali kamna, pozneje pa iz bakra, brona in železa. »Tolminski trnek« je najstarejši pri nas najdeni trnek z zalustjo, je bronast, hrani pa ga Goriški muzej. Izvira iz obdobja od 1.000 do 800 let pred našim štetjem.
The first curved hooks, similar to the current ones, are about 8,000 years old. They were first made of wood, bone, or stone, and later of copper, bronze, and iron. The "Tolmin hook" is the oldest hook found in Slovenia, it is made of bronze and is kept by the Goriška Museum. It dates from the period from 1,000 to 800 BC.
Začetek slovenskega ribištva lahko pripišemo mostiščarjem, kateri so živeli na Ljubljanskem barju. 2300 let pred našim štetjem so imeli že različne ribiške pripomočke, katere so našli. Na našem ozemlju so Rimljani imeli delavnice ob vodi. Tudi vojščaki so se utaborili tam. Veliko so se prehranjevali z ribami, kar povedo najdbe ribjih kosti na tem kraju.
The beginning of Slovenian fishing can be attributed to bridge builders who lived in the Ljubljana Marshes. 2300 BC they already had various fishing gear that they found. In our territory, the Romans had workshops by the water. The soldiers also encamped there. They ate a lot of fish, as evidenced by the findings of fish bones in this place.
Stari Slovani so se naseljevali ob rekah in jezerih. Pred približno tisoč štiristo leti so se v kraje, kjer živimo še danes, priselili tudi predniki Slovencev. Ribolov jim je bil zanesljiv vir prebave in trgovske menjave. V poznejšem času so uporabljali čoln, izdelan iz enega kosa lesa, kateremu se je reklo ČUPA. Čupa (tudi čopa) je bil ozek in dolg preprost leseni čoln izklesan iz debla, ki so ga slovenski ribiči uporabljali in se je ohranil do srede 20. stoletja. Velja za prvo (zagotovo pa najstarejše) slovensko plovilo, kar je izpričano tudi v zgodovinskih virih.
The ancient Slavs settled along rivers and lakes. About one thousand four hundred years ago, the ancestors of the Slovenes also immigrated to the places where we still live today. Fishing was a reliable source of digestion and trade. In later times, they used a boat made of one piece of wood, which was called ČUPA. Čupa (also čopa) was a narrow and long simple wooden boat carved from a trunk, which was used by Slovenian fishermen and was preserved until the middle of the 20th century. It is considered to be the first (and certainly the oldest) Slovenian vessel, which is also attested in historical sources.
Da se boste spočutili kot pravi ribič, se opremite z ribiško opremo, le da za lov tokrat ne potrebujete ribiške karte.
To feel like a real fisherman, equip yourself with fishing equipment, only you do not need a fishing card to fish this time.
OB HUJŠEM DEŽEVJU JE LAHKO ZELO NEVARNO - TAKRAT JE SMRTNO NEVARNO - NE HODITE (ČE GRESTE TAKRAT, JE NA LASTNO ODGOVORNOST. IN HEAVY RAIN, IT CAN BE VERY DANGEROUS – IT CAN BE LIFE-THREATENING – DO NOT ENTER. IF YOU DO, IT IS AT YOUR OWN RISK.
S sabo imejte pisalo. Have a pen with you.
