Aşgabadyň täsiri
Aşgabat hoş geldiňiz
Türkmenistanyň manysyz dünýä rekordlary şäherine hoş geldiňiz
Umumy maglumat:
Aşgabat, Ginnesiň rekordlar kitaby tarapyndan dünýäde mermer bilen örtülen binalaryň sany iň köp bolan şäher hökmünde resmi taýdan ykrar edildi. Şähere baranyňyzdan soň muny sypdyryp bilmersiňiz. Ak binalardan başga-da şäherde reňkli awtoulaglary görmek kyn. Roadolda diňe ak we arassa ulaglara rugsat berilýär.
Bu Cer keşi sizi şäheriň daşyndaky kiçijik bir nokada alyp barar. Theeri gelende aýtsak, siz “saglyk ýoly” diýilýän ýerde bolarsyňyz.
Mermeriň Türkmenistanda ähmiýeti:
Mermeriň Türkmenistanda ähmiýeti esasan bu tebigy baýlyk materiallaryny ýurtda gurluşyk taslamalary we bezeg maksatlary üçin ulanmakdan ybarat. Mermeriň Türkmenistanda ähmiýetini görkezýän käbir möhüm taraplar:
1. Gurluşyk taslamalary: Mermer Türkmenistanda, esasanam paýtagt Aşgabatda gurluşyk taslamalarynda giňden ulanylýar. Gurluşyk fasadlaryny, pollary we beýleki binagärlik elementlerini öndürmek üçin ulanylýar. Mermer binalara estetiki taýdan ýakymly we ýokary hilli görnüş berýär.
2. umentsadygärlikler we heýkeller: Türkmenistan täsirli ýadygärlikleri we heýkelleri bilen tanalýar. Mermer köplenç taryhy ýa-da medeni ähmiýete eýe bolan bu ýadygärlikleri we heýkelleri döretmek üçin ulanylýar.
3. Eksport: Türkmenistandan mermer eksporty käbir beýleki ýurtlar ýaly giň bolmasa-da, ýurt walýuta döretmek üçin wagtal-wagtal mermer önümlerini eksport edýär.
4. Işler we ykdysadyýet: Mermer pudagy ýerli ilat üçin iş ýerleri döredýär we beýleki pudaklar bilen deňeşdirilende az mukdarda bolsa-da ýurduň ykdysadyýetine goşant goşýar.
Şeýle-de bolsa, Türkmenistanda mermer önümçiliginiň baý mermer baýlygy bolan beýleki ýurtlar ýaly uly däldigini bellemelidiris. Şonuň üçin Türkmenistanda mermeriň ähmiýeti çäklidir we ýurtdaky beýleki ykdysady işleriň çäginde.
Türkmenistan daglarynyň geologiýasy:
Türkmenistan daglary, şeýle hem Türkmen daglary ýa-da Türkmen platosy diýlip hem atlandyrylýar, günorta Turan basseýniniň bir bölegini emele getirýän geologiki taýdan gyzykly sebit. Ine, käbir möhüm geologiki aýratynlyklar we Türkmenistan daglary barada maglumatlar
Geologiki gurluş: Türkmen daglyklary Türkmenistanyň günorta böleginden uzalyp, Eýran we Owganystan ýaly goňşy ýurtlara ýaýraýar. Daglaryň geologiki gurluşy, esasan, çägeli, hek daşy we palçyk ýaly çökündi gaýalaryň ýataklaryndan durýar.
Turan basseýni: Türkmen belentlikleri Turan basseýniniň günortasynda, Merkezi Aziýanyň birnäçe ýurtlaryna ýaýran uly geologiki depressiýa. Bu depressiýa millionlarça ýyllyk tektoniki işjeňligiň netijesidir we dürli geologiki gurluşlar bilen häsiýetlendirilýär.
Tektoniki işjeňlik: Türkmen daglyk ýerleriniň geologiki taryhy tektoniki işjeňlik bilen häsiýetlendirilýär. Ol ýer titremelerine alyp barýan seýsmiki taýdan işjeň zonada ýerleşýär. Sebit Europeewropadan Aziýadan Demirgazyk Afrika çenli uzalyp gidýän uzyn dag gerşi bolan Alpide guşagynyň bir bölegidir.
Dag gerişleri: Türkmen daglyklary sebitdäki beýleki dag gerişleri ýaly beýik bolmasa-da, bu sebite mahsus käbir dag gerişleri we belentlikler bar. Bularyň arasynda günbatar Türkmenistandaky Kopet Dag daglary we günorta-gündogardaky Kuh-e Hwajeh daglary bar.
Mineral ýataklary: Türkmenistanyň daglarynda tebigy gaz we nebit ýaly dürli mineral ýataklary bar. Türkmenistan baý tebigy gaz gorlary bilen tanalýar we dünýäde iň uly tebigy gaz öndürijilerinden biridir.
Howa we eroziýa: Türkmen daglyk ýerleriniň geologiki landşafty wagtyň geçmegi bilen howa we eroziýany başdan geçirdi. Bu amallar kanýonlaryň, jülgeleriň we beýleki geologiki gurluşlaryň döremegine goşant goşdy.
Suw çeşmeleri: Türkmenistanyň daglary adatça gurak bolsa-da, sebitden, esasanam daglyk ýerlerden akýan käbir suw çeşmeleri we derýalar bar. Bu suw çeşmeleri suwaryş we oba hojalygy üçin möhümdir.
Umuman aýdanyňda, Türkmenistan daglarynyň geologiýasy Merkezi Aziýanyň geologiki taryhy bilen berk baglanyşykly çylşyrymly we dürli mowzuk. Bu nebit we gaz pudagy üçin möhüm ähmiýete eýe, şeýle hem medeni we daşky gurşaw taýdan möhümdir.
Mermer we onuň döredilmegi:
Mermer gaýtadan gurlan karbonat minerallaryndan, köplenç hek daşyndan ýa-da dolomitden ybarat metamorfik gaýadyr. Hk daşy, esasan, merjen, foramen we molýusk ýaly deňiz jandarlarynyň skelet böleklerinden ybarat çökündi gaýa. Onuň esasy materiallary kalsiý karbonatyň (CaCO3) dürli kristal görnüşleri bolan minerallar kalsit we aragonitdir.
Geologiýada “mermer” adalgasy üýtgedilen hek daşyny aňladýar. Metamorfizm asyl karbonat mineral däneleriniň diferensial gaýtadan gurulmagyna getirýär. Alnan mermer gaýa, adatça karbonat kristallarynyň biri-birine bagly mozaikasyndan durýar.
Asyl karbonat gaýalarynyň başlangyç çökündi dokumalary we gurluşlary adatça üýtgedildi ýa-da ýok edildi. Mermer ýalpyldawuk bolup biler.
Arassa ak mermer gaty arassa (pes silikatly) mermeriň metamorfozynyň netijesidir. Köp reňkli mermerleriň häsiýetli aýlawlary we damarlary, adatça, hek daşyndaky däne ýa-da gatlak hökmünde bar bolan palçyk, palçyk, gum, demir oksidleri ýa-da kert ýaly dürli mineral hapalar sebäpli ýüze çykýar. Gyzyl ýa-da sary reňkli mermerde adatça demir ýa-da demir oksidi (Fe2O3) bar.
Mermer ýasamak prosesini şeýle göz öňüne getirip bilersiňiz:
Çeşme: Heýkeltaraşlyk
Gatylygy: Mermer kalsitden ýasalanlygy sebäpli, Mohs gatylygy şkalasynda üç gatylygy bar. Bu mermer bilen işlemegi aňsatlaşdyrýar, heýkeller we bezegler ýasamak üçin amatly edýär.
Gysgaça aýdanymyzda, mermeriň aşakdaky aýratynlyklaryny synlap bileris:
1. Mermer köplenç ak (belok), köplenç damarlary we beýleki reňkleri (ýaşyl, sary we gyzyl) bolýar.
2. Mermerde görünýän kristallar bar (käwagt> 1 mm)
3. Mermer käwagt ýalpyldawuk bolýar
4. Mermer ýumşak we pyçak bilen şekillendirilip bilner.
Bu ýerde GC nokadynda ak mermeriň ajaýyp bölegine seredip bilersiňiz. Gynansagam, Türkmenistanyň mermer gazyp alýan ýerlerine baryp görmek mümkin däl.
Wezipeleriňiz:
1. GZ-de mermerde haýsy reňkleri synlap bilersiňiz?
2. Görüp bilýän kristallar näçe uludyr?
3. Gyzyl reňkli meýdanda deňiz jandarlarynyň skelet böleklerini kesgitläp bilersiňizmi?
4. Mermerini GZ-de üns bilen öwreniň. Aboveokarda sanalan häsiýetleriň haýsysyny GZ-de alyp bilersiňiz. syn et? Görünýän kristallar
5. Platformanyň ýokarsyndaky “it” ýa-da “öküz” bilen surata düşüň.
Tapyndylaryňyzy derrew ýazyp bilersiňiz. Şeýle-de bolsa, jogaplar maňa 14 günüň içinde iberilmeli ýa-da gündeligiňiz öçürilip bilner.
Suratyňyz bolmazdan ýazgylar pozular!
Marmor of Ashgabat
Welcome Ashgabat
Welcome to Turkmenistan's absurd city of world records
General information:
Ashgabat has been officially recognized by the Guinness Book of World Records as the city with the largest number of marble-clad buildings in the world. You won't be able to miss this once you visit the city. Apart from the white buildings, you will hardly see any colored cars in the city. Only white and clean vehicles are allowed on the road.
This Earth Cache will take you to a small viewing point just outside the city. By the way, you will then be on the so-called “health path”.
Importance of Marble in Turkmenistan:
The importance of marble in Turkmenistan lies mainly in the use of this natural resource material for construction projects and decorative purposes in the country. Here are some of the key aspects that illustrate the importance of marble in Turkmenistan:
1. Construction Projects: Marble is widely used in construction projects in Turkmenistan, especially in the capital city of Ashgabat. It is used for the production of building facades, floors and other architectural elements. The marble gives the buildings an aesthetically pleasing and high-quality look.
2. Monuments and Statues: Turkmenistan is known for its impressive monuments and statues. Marble is often used to create these monuments and sculptures, which often have historical or cultural significance.
3. Export: Although the export of marble from Turkmenistan is not as extensive as some other countries, the country has occasionally exported marble products to generate foreign exchange.
4. Jobs and economy: The marble industry creates jobs for the local population and contributes to the country's economy, albeit on a modest scale compared to other sectors.
However, it is important to note that the marble industry in Turkmenistan is not as large as some other countries with rich marble resources. The importance of marble in Turkmenistan is therefore limited and is in the context of other economic activities in the country.
The geology of the mountains of Turkmenistan:
The mountains of Turkmenistan, also referred to as the Turkmen Highlands or the Turkmen Plateau, are a geologically interesting region that make up part of the southern Turan Basin. Here are some important geological features and information about the mountains of Turkmenistan
Geological Structure: The Turkmen Highlands stretches across the southern part of Turkmenistan and extends into neighboring countries such as Iran and Afghanistan. The geological structure of the mountains consists mainly of deposits of sedimentary rocks such as sandstone, limestone and mudstone.
Turan Basin: The Turkmen Highlands lie in the south of the Turan Basin, a large geological depression that extends across several Central Asian countries. This depression is the result of millions of years of tectonic activity and is characterized by various geological formations.
Tectonic activity: The geological history of the Turkmen Highlands is characterized by tectonic activity. It lies in a seismically active zone, which leads to earthquakes. The region is part of the Alpide Belt, a long mountain range that stretches from Europe through Asia to North Africa.
Mountain ranges: Although the Turkmen Highlands are not as high as some other mountain ranges in the region, there are still some mountain ranges and elevations that are characteristic of the area. These include the Kopet Dag Mountains in western Turkmenistan and the Kuh-e Khvajeh Mountains in the southeast.
Mineral Deposits: The mountains of Turkmenistan contain various mineral deposits, including natural gas and petroleum. Turkmenistan is known for its rich natural gas reserves and is one of the world's largest natural gas producers.
Weathering and Erosion: The geological landscape of the Turkmen Highlands has experienced weathering and erosion over time. These processes have contributed to the formation of canyons, ravines and other geological formations.
Water Sources: Although the mountains of Turkmenistan are generally dry, there are some water sources and rivers that flow through the region, particularly in the mountainous areas. These water sources are important for irrigation and agriculture.
Overall, the geology of the mountains of Turkmenistan is a complex and diverse subject that is closely linked to the geological history of Central Asia. It is an area of great importance to the oil and gas industry and also has cultural and environmental relevance.
The geology of the mountains of Turkmenistan:
The mountains of Turkmenistan, also referred to as the Turkmen Highlands or the Turkmen Plateau, are a geologically interesting region that make up part of the southern Turan Basin. Here are some important geological features and information about the mountains of Turkmenistan
Geological Structure: The Turkmen Highlands stretches across the southern part of Turkmenistan and extends into neighboring countries such as Iran and Afghanistan. The geological structure of the mountains consists mainly of deposits of sedimentary rocks such as sandstone, limestone and mudstone.
Turan Basin: The Turkmen Highlands lie in the south of the Turan Basin, a large geological depression that extends across several Central Asian countries. This depression is the result of millions of years of tectonic activity and is characterized by various geological formations.
Tectonic activity: The geological history of the Turkmen Highlands is characterized by tectonic activity. It lies in a seismically active zone, which leads to earthquakes. The region is part of the Alpide Belt, a long mountain range that stretches from Europe through Asia to North Africa.
Mountain ranges: Although the Turkmen Highlands are not as high as some other mountain ranges in the region, there are still some mountain ranges and elevations that are characteristic of the area. These include the Kopet Dag Mountains in western Turkmenistan and the Kuh-e Khvajeh Mountains in the southeast.
Mineral Deposits: The mountains of Turkmenistan contain various mineral deposits, including natural gas and petroleum. Turkmenistan is known for its rich natural gas reserves and is one of the world's largest natural gas producers.
Weathering and Erosion: The geological landscape of the Turkmen Highlands has experienced weathering and erosion over time. These processes have contributed to the formation of canyons, ravines and other geological formations.
Water Sources: Although the mountains of Turkmenistan are generally dry, there are some water sources and rivers that flow through the region, particularly in the mountainous areas. These water sources are important for irrigation and agriculture.
Overall, the geology of the mountains of Turkmenistan is a complex and diverse subject that is closely linked to the geological history of Central Asia. It is an area of great importance to the oil and gas industry and also has cultural and environmental relevance.
Marble and its creation:
Marble is a metamorphic rock composed of recrystallized carbonate minerals, most commonly limestone or dolomite. Limestone is a sedimentary rock composed primarily of skeletal fragments of marine organisms such as corals, foramen, and molluscs. Its main materials are the minerals calcite and aragonite, which are different crystal forms of calcium carbonate (CaCO3).
In geology, the term “marble” refers to transformed limestone. Metamorphism results in differential recrystallization of the original carbonate mineral grains. The resulting marble rock typically consists of an interlocking mosaic of carbonate crystals.
Primary sedimentary textures and structures of the original carbonate rocks have typically been altered or destroyed. Marble can be flaky.
Pure white marble is the result of the metamorphosis of a very pure (low-silicate) marble. The characteristic swirls and veins of many colored marbles are usually due to various mineral impurities such as clay, silt, sand, iron oxides or chert, which were originally present as grains or layers in the limestone. Marble with a red or yellow hue usually contains some elements of iron or iron oxide (Fe2O3).
This is how you can visualize the process of creating marble:
Source: Sculpture
Hardness: Because marble is made of calcite, it has a hardness of three on the Mohs hardness scale. This makes marble easy to work with, making it ideal for making sculptures and ornaments.
In summary, we can observe the following properties of marble:
1. Marble is often white (protein), often with veins and with a tint of other colors (green, yellow and red).
2. Marble has visible crystals (sometimes >1 mm)
3. Marble is sometimes flaky
4. Marble is soft and can be shaped with a knife.
Here at the GC point you can look at a beautiful piece of white marble. Unfortunately it is not possible to visit the marble mining sites of Turkmenistan.
Your tasks:
1. What colors can you observe in the marble at GZ?
2. How big are the crystals you can see?
3. Can you identify skeletal fragments of marine organisms in the red colored field?
4. Study the marble at GZ carefully. Which of the properties listed above can you get at GZ. observe?
5. Take a photo of yourself with the “dog” or “bull” at the top of the platform.
You can log your find immediately. However, replies must be sent to me within 14 days or your log may be deleted.
Logs WITHOUT a photo of you will be deleted!