HR... Crkva sv. Marka u Zagrebu jedna je od najstarijih zagrebačkih građevina, što potvrđuju romanički elementi nađeni na pročelju crkve. Što se tlocrtne dispozicije tiče, crkva sv. Marka trobrodna je dvoranska građevina s trolisnim zaključkom na istoku. Unutrašnjost crkve podijeljena je na brodove četirima masivnim oblim stupovima. U crkvu se može ući kroz zapadni i južni portal. Uz sjeveroistok crkve nalazi se zvonik kvadratne osnove. Zapadno od zvonika nalazi se sakristija, a do nje kapela sv. Fabijana i Sebastijana, u koju se može ući i s vanjske strane. Izgrađena je kao trobrodna dvoranska građevina u 14. stoljeću, kao gradečka župna crkva. Župa se spominje 1261. godine. Ima lijep portal, a prije je ispred njega bio stup srama, gdje su vezali ljude i izvršavali kazne koje je izrekao gradski sud. Prepoznatljiva je po raznobojnom zvoniku i krovu (A. Macetti i Machiedo), na kojem su grbovi grada Zagreba i grb Trojedne kraljevine Hrvatske, Slavonije i Dalmacije, baroknoj lukovici i skladnom južnom pročelju na kojem je figuralno najbogatiji gotički portal u Hrvatskoj.
Mramor na crki možete naći na ovratnicima glanog ulaza.
1. FORMACIJA MRAMORA
Mramor nastaje pritiskom, toplinom i kemijskim procesima u izloženim slojevima zemljine kore. Njegov mineralni sastav određen je prisutnošću nečistoća u vapnencu. Prisutnost nečistoća silicijevog dioksida u vapnencu uzrokuje ponovnu kristalizaciju minerala u obliku velikih zrnaca kalcita. Kada ove nečistoće reagiraju s karbonatima, formiraju diopsid. Ovaj proces također stvara trake boje u mramoru.
2. KOMPOZICIJA MRAMORA
Mramor je metamorfna stijena koja se sastoji od karbonatnih minerala koji rekristaliziraju pod utjecajem topline, tlaka i vodenih otopina (najčešće kalcit (CaCO3) ili dolomit (CaMg(CO3)2) i ima kristalnu teksturu različite debljine.[1] Mramor obično nije lisnat (slojevit), iako postoje iznimke.
3. GUSTOĆA MRAMORA
Budući da se sastoji od kalcita, mramor ima tvrdoću tri na Mohsovoj ljestvici tvrdoće. Kao rezultat toga, lako ga je rezbariti, a to ga čini korisnim za izradu skulptura i ukrasnih predmeta. Prozirnost mramora čini ga posebno privlačnim za mnoge vrste skulptura.
4. RAZLIČITE VRSTE MRAMORA I NJIHOVE KARAKTERISTIKE
Mramor je prirodni kamen koji dolazi u mnogo različitih vrsta, a svaki ima svoje jedinstvene karakteristike i izgled. Evo nekih od najčešćih vrsta mramora i njihovih ključnih značajki:
Carrara mramor: Ovo je jedna od najpopularnijih i najpoznatijih vrsta mramora, poznat po svojoj bijeloj ili plavo-sivoj boji i finom, ujednačenom zrnu. Carrara mramor vadi se u Italiji i obično se koristi za skulpture i fasade zgrada.
Calacatta mramor: Calacatta mramor je vrhunska vrsta mramora koja je poznata po svojim karakterističnim venama i svijetlo bijeloj boji. Često se koristi za vrhunske arhitektonske projekte i luksuzni dizajn interijera.
Emperador mramor: Ovu vrstu mramora karakterizira bogata, topla smeđa boja i prepoznatljive žilice. Često se koristi za podove, radne površine i okvire kamina.
Mramor Crema Marfil: Ova vrsta mramora poznata je po svojoj kremastoj, bež boji i relativno jednoličnoj strukturi. To je popularan izbor za podove i radne površine.
Statuario mramor: Statuario mramor cijenjen je zbog svoje svijetle bijele boje i odvažnih, dramatičnih vena. Često se koristi za skulpture i vrhunske projekte dizajna interijera.
Mramor Nero Marquina: Ovo je rijetka vrsta mramora koju karakterizira duboka crna boja i svijetle bijele vene. Često se koristi za naglaske i ukrasne elemente u dizajnu interijera.
PITANJA ZA LOGIRANJE:
ZA PITANJA ĆE TE TREBATI PROČITATI TEKST IZNAD.
1. Kako se mramor formira?
2. Od čega se mramor najiše sastoji? (kompozicija)
3. Nabroji barem dvije vrste mramora i napiši njihove karakteristike
4. Koliko je mramor tvrd? (u mohovima)
5. Koja je najveća rupica u mramoru? (cm ili mm)
6. Je li površina hrapava ili glatka?
7. (neobavezno) Uslikaj se sa Crkvom.
Kada rješite pitanja meni ih pošaljite. Nemorate čekati da ih ja provjerim da logirate cache. Čim ste ih rješili slobodnjo logirajte.
ENG...
Church of St. Marka in Zagreb is one of the oldest buildings in Zagreb, which is confirmed by the Romanesque elements found on the facade of the church. As for the floor plan, the church of St. Marka is a three-nave hall building with a trefoil finial to the east. The interior of the church is divided into naves by four massive round columns. The church can be entered through the western and southern portals. Next to the northeast of the church is a bell tower with a square base. To the west of the bell tower is the sacristy, and next to it is the chapel of St. Fabijan and Sebastijan, which can be entered from the outside. It was built as a three-aisled palace building in the 14th century, as a parish church in Gradec. The parish is mentioned in 1261. It has a beautiful portal, and formerly there was a pillar of shame in front of it, where they tied people and carried out the sentences handed down by the city court. It is recognizable by the multi-colored bell tower and roof (A. Macetti and Machiedo), on which are the coats of arms of the city of Zagreb and the coat of arms of the Triune Kingdom of Croatia, Slavonia and Dalmatia, the baroque bulb and the harmonious southern facade, on which is the most figuratively rich Gothic portal in Croatia.
You can find the marble on the door on the collars of the entrance hall.
1. MARBLE FORMATION
Marble is formed by pressure, heat and chemical processes in the exposed layers of the earth's crust. Its mineral composition is determined by the presence of impurities in the limestone. The presence of silica impurities in limestone causes the mineral to recrystallize in the form of large calcite grains. When these impurities react with carbonates, they form diopside. This process also creates bands of color in the marble.
2. COMPOSITION OF MARBLE
Marble is a metamorphic rock consisting of carbonate minerals that recrystallize under the influence of heat, pressure and water solutions (most often calcite (CaCO3) or dolomite (CaMg(CO3)2) and has a crystalline texture of varying thickness. [1] Marble is usually not foliated ( layered), although there are exceptions.
3. MARBLE DENSITY
Because it is composed of calcite, marble has a hardness of three on the Mohs hardness scale. As a result, it is easy to carve, making it useful for making sculptures and decorative objects. The transparency of marble makes it particularly attractive for many types of sculpture.
4. DIFFERENT TYPES OF MARBLE AND THEIR CHARACTERISTICS
Marble is a natural stone that comes in many different types, each with its own unique characteristics and appearance. Here are some of the most common types of marble and their key features:
Carrara marble: This is one of the most popular and well-known types of marble, known for its white or blue-gray color and fine, uniform grain. Carrara marble is quarried in Italy and is commonly used for sculptures and building facades.
Calacatta marble: Calacatta marble is a premium type of marble that is known for its characteristic veins and bright white color. It is often used for high-end architectural projects and luxury interior design.
Emperador marble: This type of marble is characterized by a rich, warm brown color and distinctive veining. It is often used for floors, work surfaces and fireplace surrounds.
Crema Marfil marble: This type of marble is known for its creamy, beige color and relatively uniform structure. It is a popular choice for floors and work surfaces.
Statuario Marble: Statuario marble is prized for its bright white color and bold, dramatic veining. It is often used for sculptures and high-end interior design projects.
Nero Marquina Marble: This is a rare type of marble characterized by a deep black color and bright white veins. It is often used for accents and decorative elements in interior design.
LOGIN QUESTIONS:
YOU WILL NEED TO READ THE TEXT ABOVE FOR QUESTIONS.
1. How is marble formed?
2. What is marble mostly composed of? (composition)
3. List at least two types of marble and write their characteristics.
4. How hard is marble? (in mohs)
5. What is the biggest hole in the marble? (cm or mm)
6. Is the surface rough or smooth?
7. (optional) Take a picture with the Church.
When you solve the questions, send them to me. You don't have to wait for me to check them to log the cache. As soon as you have solved them, feel free to log in.