Haida Gwaii Black Bear
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ursus_americanus_carlottae
The Haida Gwaii black bear (Ursus americanus carlottae), also known as the Queen Charlotte Islands black bear, is a morphologically distinct subspecies of the American black bear. Haida Gwaii black bears are known as "taan" in the dialect of the indigenous Haida people, and feature prominently in their mythology. In Haida mythology, the bears are considered family. There is an old legend called “Bear Mother” or “Taan AwGa”. One day a young woman was picking berries but found that the bears had eaten most of them. She became angry and blamed the bears for her unfortunate luck. The bears had heard her; they became agitated and stole her away. At first, the young woman had missed her family and village. She found solace in the bear village, married the bear father and had two bear cubs. Years later, the woman returned to her village to teach the people to respect the bears.
Distribution
Haida Gwaii black bears are the largest subspecies of American black bear, not only within British Columbia but across North America. Haida Gwaii archipelago (formerly the Queen Charlotte Islands), Canada.
Habitat
They are found in the Forests, meadows, streams, estuaries and shorelines of the archipelago.
Description
Haida Gwaii black bears are the largest subspecies of American black bear, not only within British Columbia but across North America. Unlike their mainland counterparts, who come in a variety of colour phases, Haida Gwaii black bears have only ever been reported as having entirely black fur with tan muzzles. Over time they have evolved to have a larger head, jaw, and molars to crack open crabs and barnacles more easily. Haida Gwaii black bears are the largest land mammal native to the archipelago, filling the role of top land predator in the area's ecosystem. The bears are considered a keystone species because of their transportation of salmon remains into the surrounding forests while feeding. They probably live around 20 years in the wild.
Size
Haida Gwaii black bears are the largest subspecies of American black bear.
Diet
Like other black bear subspecies, the bears of Haida Gwaii are omnivorous, often being observed foraging within intertidal zones. To better deal with the tough shells of shellfish such as crabs and mussels, some of their common food sources, the bears developed larger skulls and molars. Within the more inland portions of the islands, Haida Gwaii black bears will feed on vegetation such as ferns, nettles, horsetails and berries.
Hibernation
Hibernation occurs during the winter. These bears typically hibernate for between three and five months, most commonly emerging in April or May. Dens are most commonly made in old-growth cedar forests in hollow trees or stumps.
Reproduction and Development
Hibernation occurs during the winter, with female bears usually giving birth to between one and three cubs in January, whilst still hibernating. Cubs will stay with their mothers for around a year and a half, before moving off to independence. During which time she will not become pregnant again.
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