Dall Island Brown Bear
http://www.bearconservation.org.uk/dall-brown-bear/
N39 45.432 W080 19.702
Ursus arctos dalli (Clinton Hart Merriam, 1896); however many authorities recognize only two subspecies of brown bear in North America: the grizzly bear (U.a. horribilis) and the Kodiak bear (U.a. middendorffi). This places these bears of the Alaskan panhandle in the subspecies U.a. Horribilis. In 1918 Clinton Hart Merriam divided the North American brown bears into 86 subspecies based upon small physical differences, mainly relating to skull measurements. Over time this list has been reduced but some experts believe that there is still sufficient evidence to warrant classifying five North American subspecies in addition to the widely accepted grizzly and Kodiak bear subspecies.
Distribution
Found in the north of the Alaskan panhandle region. Found in the north of the Alaskan panhandle region containing Yakutat Bay and Hubbard Glacier.
Habitat
Yakutat foreland and inland in forests. Coastal zone, including the Yakutat foreland and inland in forests.
Description
A large bear, most commonly dark brown in color but can range from blonde through to black. The often grizzled appearance is caused by the light colored tips of the long guard hairs over the shoulders and back. The bears have a distinctive hump on the shoulders and a slightly dished profile to the face. The front claws are noticeably long. There is considerable variation in size depending upon the food available. These bears are usually larger than those of the interior. These bears live around 20 to 30 years in the wild. Except for mating and for mothers with cubs, grizzly bears are solitary. They will congregate in groups where there are plentiful sources of food, such as spawning salmon, whale carcasses and sedge fields.
Size
There is considerable variation in size depending upon the food available. Adult males typically weigh 135 to 390 kg, females 95 to 205 kg. Adults are usually between 90 and 110 cm at the shoulder. These bears are usually larger than those of the interior.
Diet
The bears are omnivorous and eat plants, grasses, sedges, roots, tubers, seeds, berries, salmon, small mammals and carrion. They will also predate upon moose, particularly newborn animals. The bears are omnivorous and eat plants, grasses, sedges, roots, tubers, seeds, berries, salmon, small mammals and carrion. They will also predate upon moose, particularly newborn animals.
Hibernation
The bears go into hibernation in a cave or dug-out den around October, emerging in April or May.
Reproduction and development
The bears reach sexual maturity between the ages of four and seven years. Mating occurs between May and July. The bears go into winter dens usually in October or November and emerge in April, May or June. Cubs are born in the den in January and February, litters usually being of two or three cubs but can be of one or four. They will remain with the mother for two to three years during which time she will not become pregnant again. Except for mating and for mothers with cubs, grizzly bears are solitary although they will congregate in groups where there are plentiful sources of food, such as spawning salmon, whale carcasses and sedge fields.
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