中文
任务
1. 您能识别沉降样本中的层吗？估计每层所占的百分比。
2. 根据您的实验： 您将如何使用表格对指定地点的土壤进行分类？
3. 土壤样本的颜色和质地如何？
4. 您或您的物品与土壤样本的现场照片（在不完全破坏结果的前提下）。
将此缓存记录为 “找到了”，并将问题答案发送至 “silka03.earthcache@gmail.com ”或通过 Geocaching 消息中心发送给我。不要写在日志中！然后您可以立即登录。我会与您联系。
玩得开心
土壤成分是地质学家在野外和实验室使用的一种分类工具，用于根据土壤的物理结构确定土壤类型。土壤成分可以通过质感法等定性方法和比重计法等定量方法来确定。土壤成分的重点是直径小于两毫米的颗粒，包括沙、淤泥和粘土。土壤分类的依据是沙子、粉土和粘土在土壤中所占的比例。
为了确定土壤成分，通常使用所谓的土壤质地三角图。该图显示了土壤质地的主要类别。
砂是一种由细小的岩石和矿物颗粒组成的颗粒材料。它以大小来定义，比砾石细，比粉砂粗。砂也可以指一种土壤类型，即含有 85% 以上砂粒的土壤。沙子的成分因当地的岩石来源和条件而异，但在大陆和非热带沿海地区，沙子最常见的成分是二氧化硅（SiO2），通常以石英的形式存在。第二种最常见的沙子是由碳酸钙（如文石）组成的，它主要是在过去 5 亿年中由珊瑚和贝类等各种生物形成的。
在现场，您应该采集土壤样本并进行实验，以检查土壤的状况。您可以直接在现场进行实验，只需携带一个容器（如瓶子）即可。
将土壤样本装入至少 120 毫升的透明容器中。大约装一半最合适。在容器中注入清水。然后充分摇晃容器，一定要摇晃均匀！将容器放下，静置至少 15 分钟。您看到的土壤样本层由沙子、淤泥和粘土组成。底层是沙子。中间层是淤泥。顶层是粘土。粘土可能需要一整天才能沉淀下来。有机物会漂浮在上面。您可以忽略这些物质。
ENGLISH
Tasks:
1. Can you recognize layers in the settled sample? Estimate the percentage of each layer.
2. Based on your experiment: How would you classify the soil at the specified location using the table?
3. What color and texture did the soil sample have?
4. A picture of you or an object with your soil sample (without fully spoiling the results) on site.
Log this cache as “Found it” and send me the answers to the questions to “silka03.earthcache@gmail.com” or via Geocaching Message Center. Not in your log! You may then log immediately. I will get in touch with you.
Have fun!
Soil composition is a classification tool used by geologists both in the field and in the laboratory to determine soil types based on their physical structure. Soil composition can be determined using qualitative methods such as texture feel, and quantitative methods like the hydrometer method. The focus of soil composition is on particles less than two millimeters in diameter, including sand, silt, and clay. The classification of soil is based on the percentage of sand, silt, and clay in the soil.
To determine soil composition, a so-called soil texture triangle is often used. This diagram shows the main classes of soil textures.
Sand is a granular material composed of finely divided rock and mineral particles. It is defined by size, being finer than gravel and coarser than silt. Sand can also refer to a soil type, meaning a soil that contains more than 85 percent sand-sized particles. The composition of sand varies depending on local rock sources and conditions, but the most common component of sand in continental and non-tropical coastal areas is silicon dioxide (SiO2), usually in the form of quartz. The second most common type of sand is composed of calcium carbonate, such as aragonite, which has mostly formed over the past half billion years from various life forms such as corals and shellfish.
At the site, you should take a soil sample and conduct an experiment to check the condition of the soil. You can carry out the experiment directly on site; just bring a container with you (e.g., a bottle).
Fill your soil sample into a clear container of at least 120 ml. About half full is ideal. Fill the container with clean water. Then shake the container thoroughly, you really need to shake it well! Set the container down and let it sit for at least 15 minutes. The layers you see consist of sand, silt, and clay in the soil sample. The bottom layer is sand. The middle layer is silt. The top layer is clay. It can take all day for the clay to settle. Organic material will float on top. You can ignore this material.
Picture: researchgate.net/figure/USDA-Soil-Texture-Triangle_fig2_279631053
Source: en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soil_texture ; https://www.biologysimulations.com/post/how-to-use-the-soil-texture-triangle