Insects
Many different insects attack wheat, but damage due to insects is usually less than damage from diseases. Insects develop slowly, and many birds, diseases, and other insects attack and kill wheat-eating insects. In the United States, armyworms eat wheat plants, especially the heads; chinch bugs damage wheat by piercing the stem and sucking juice from the plant; and the Hessian fly, whose larvae eat parts of the wheat stem, causes the plant to fall over. Other pests, including wheat aphids and cereal bugs, are threats to wheat crops in Europe and the Middle East.
There are a number of insects that attack wheat grain after it has been harvested and stored. These insects can drastically reduce the quality of the wheat by eating out the parts of the wheat kernel that make up flour.
S 34° 12.273′ E 139° 07.034′