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Karađoz Beg Mosque - Pebbles [BS/EN] EarthCache

Hidden : 9/9/2025
Difficulty:
3 out of 5
Terrain:
1 out of 5

Size: Size:   other (other)

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 Kaldrma od riječnih oblutaka kod Karađoz-begove džamije

Ispred ulaza u Karađoz-begovu džamiju u Mostaru možete primijetiti staze popločane riječnim oblutcima koji potječu iz rijeke Neretve. Iako na prvi pogled djeluju kao estetski detalj, s geološkog stanovišta predstavljaju izvrstan primjer prirodnog materijala oblikovanog dugotrajnim riječnim procesima. Svaki oblutak je rezultat hiljadugodišnjeg djelovanja erozije, transporta i taloženja unutar sliva Neretve.

Riječni oblutci nastaju mehaničkim trošenjem stijena u izvorišnim i planinskim područjima. Proces započinje raspadanjem stijena uslijed fizikalnog i hemijskog trošenja. Fragmenti potom dospijevaju u riječna korita gdje ih tok prenosi nizvodno. Tokom transporta dolazi do sudaranja i kotrljanja po dnu, čime se oštri rubovi postupno uklanjaju i nastaju zaobljeni oblici karakteristični za riječne sedimente.

Kada se brzina toka smanji, primjerice u širim dijelovima riječnog korita, dolazi do taloženja materijala. Teži i veći fragmenti talože se ranije, dok sitniji materijal može biti nošen dalje. Ovaj proces selektivnog taloženja objašnjava zašto oblutci u kaldrmi imaju sličnu, ali ne potpuno jednoliku veličinu. Prosječna veličina često se kreće od nekoliko centimetara, ovisno o energiji riječnog sistema iz kojeg potječu.

Među oblutcima možete prepoznati različite tipove stijena karakteristične za sliv Neretve. Vapnenci su najčešći i prepoznatljivi po bijeloj do sivoj boji, ponekad s vidljivim fosilnim ostacima. Dolomiti su slični, ali nešto tvrđi i često blago žućkasti. Pješčenjaci i konglomerati pokazuju zrnatu strukturu, dok su kvarciti i kremenci izuzetno tvrdi i često svjetlucavi zbog visokog udjela kvarca. Ova raznolikost svjedoči o složenoj geološkoj građi šire regije.

Upotreba oblutaka za popločavanje ima i praktičnu i geološku logiku. Zaobljeni oblici omogućuju dobro odvođenje kišnice kroz međuprostore, dok tvrde stijene poput kvarcita osiguravaju dugotrajnost. Istovremeno, kaldrma predstavlja direktnu vezu između prirodnog riječnog okoliša i sakralnog prostora, gdje materijal oblikovan prirodnim procesima postaje trajni dio arhitektonske cjeline.

Zadaci

1 - Pogledajte stazu ispred džamije. Koje tipove stijena možete prepoznati? Opišite barem dvije prema boji ili strukturi.

2 - Procijenite prosječnu veličinu oblutaka u centimetrima. Jesu li približno jednake veličine ili se razlikuju?

3 - Zašto su riječni oblutci bili pogodan materijal za popločavanje? Navedite barem jedan praktičan razlog.

4 - Obavezna fotografija: Priložite fotografiju dijela kaldrme s vašom rukom ili GPS uređajem.


 Pebble Pathways at Karađoz Beg Mosque

In front of the entrance to Karađoz Beg Mosque in Mostar you can observe pathways paved with river pebbles derived from the Neretva River. Although they may appear decorative, from a geological perspective they represent an excellent example of natural material shaped by long-term fluvial processes. Each pebble is the result of thousands of years of erosion, transport and deposition within the Neretva basin.

River pebbles form through mechanical weathering and erosion in mountainous source areas. Rock fragments are detached and transported downstream by flowing water. During transport, continuous collision and rolling along the riverbed gradually remove sharp edges, producing the rounded shapes typical of fluvial sediments. This rounding clearly indicates prolonged movement within an active river system.

When flow velocity decreases, deposition occurs. Larger and heavier clasts settle first, while smaller particles may be carried further. This selective deposition explains why the pebbles in the pathway show similar yet not completely uniform sizes. Their average diameter is typically a few centimetres, reflecting the transport energy of the river environment from which they originated.

Among the pebbles you can identify several rock types characteristic of the Neretva basin. Limestones appear white to grey and may contain fossil fragments. Dolomites are similar but generally harder and slightly yellowish. Sandstones and conglomerates show granular textures, while quartzites and flints are very resistant and often display a subtle sheen due to high quartz content. This diversity reflects the complex geological structure of the wider region.

The use of pebbles for paving has both practical and geological justification. Their rounded form allows efficient rainwater drainage through small gaps, while resistant rock types ensure durability. At the same time, the pebble pavement represents a direct connection between the natural river landscape and the sacred architectural space, where material shaped by natural processes becomes an integral structural element.

Tasks

1 - Examine the pathway in front of the mosque. What rock types can you identify? Describe at least two by colour or texture.

2 - Estimate the average size of the pebbles in centimetres. Are they mostly uniform or do they vary?

3 - Why were river pebbles suitable as paving material? Give at least one practical reason.

4 - Mandatory photo: Attach a photo showing part of the pebble pathway together with your hand or your GPS device.

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