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Breccia of Rab [HR/EN] EarthCache

Hidden : 11/24/2025
Difficulty:
4 out of 5
Terrain:
1 out of 5

Size: Size:   other (other)

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 Breča u fasadi Katedrale, Rab

U starom gradu Rabu, na otoku Rabu u Hrvatskoj, možete promatrati pročelje Katedrale Uznesenja Blažene Djevice Marije. Katedrala ima dugu povijest, a današnji romanički izgled pročelja uglavnom potječe iz srednjovjekovnog razdoblja. Pročelje je posebno zanimljivo s geološkog gledišta jer kombinira svijetli vapnenac s karakterističnom ružičastom brečom, stvarajući prepoznatljiv dvobojni izgled.

Breča je klastična sedimentna stijena sastavljena od uglatih do poluuglatih fragmenata starijih stijena koji su međusobno povezani cementom. Za razliku od konglomerata, čiji su klasti uglavnom zaobljeni, breča sadrži fragmente koji su zadržali velik dio svojih oštrih i kutnih rubova. Oblik klasta stoga može pružiti informacije o njihovom transportu i načinu taloženja.

Ružičasta breča korištena na katedrali karakterističan je lokalni građevinski kamen. Tijekom restauracije katedrale bilo je potrebno ponovno otvoriti izvorni kamenolom na otoku Rabu kako bi se dobila karakteristična ružičasta breča potrebna za zamjenu oštećenih kamenih elemenata. To potvrđuje lokalnu povezanost ovog građevinskog materijala s geologijom Raba.

Prilikom promatranja pročelja obratite pozornost na ružičastu do crvenkastu boju stijene, pojedinačne klaste, njihovu veličinu i oblik te materijal koji ih okružuje i povezuje. Neki klasti mogu biti veliki nekoliko centimetara, dok se mogu pojaviti i iznimno veliki fragmenti. Površine kamenih blokova obrađivane su i stoljećima izložene atmosferilijama, pa se izvorni oblik pojedinih klasta lakše može prepoznati na manje izloženim dijelovima.

Katedrala tako pruža izvrsnu priliku za promatranje načina na koji je lokalno dostupan geološki materijal ugrađen u povijesnu arhitekturu. Korištenje karakteristične ružičaste breče važno je i za konzervaciju: tijekom velike restauracije provedene između 1999. i 2005. ponovno je otvoren izvorni kamenolom na Rabu upravo kako bi se dobio odgovarajući kamen za obnovu pročelja.

Zadatci

1 - Opišite breču na pročelju: procijenite prosječnu veličinu fragmenata stijene (u cm).

2 - Odredite vrste stijena među klastima: navedite barem dvije i opišite boju/teksturu.

3 - Procijenite stupanj zaobljenosti: uglati, poluuglasti ili dobro zaobljeni? Što to govori o povijesti transporta?

4 - Napravite fotografiju svoje ruke ili GPS uređaja pored jednog od blokova breče na pročelju.


 Breccia in the Cathedral Façade, Rab

In the Old Town of Rab, on the island of Rab, Croatia, you can observe the façade of the Cathedral of the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary. The cathedral has a long history, with the present Romanesque appearance of the façade dating mainly from the medieval period. The façade is particularly interesting from a geological point of view because it combines light-coloured limestone with a characteristic pink breccia, creating a distinctive two-colour appearance.

Breccia is a clastic sedimentary rock composed of angular to subangular fragments of older rocks that have become cemented together. Unlike conglomerate, whose clasts are predominantly rounded, breccia contains fragments that have retained much of their angular shape. The shape of the fragments can therefore provide information about their transport and depositional history.

The pink breccia used on the cathedral is a locally characteristic building stone. During the restoration of the cathedral, the original quarry on the island of Rab had to be reopened in order to obtain the characteristic pink breccia needed to replace damaged stones. This confirms the local connection between the building material and the geology of Rab.

When examining the façade, pay attention to the pink to reddish colour of the rock, the individual clasts, their size and shape, and the material surrounding and cementing them. Some fragments can be several centimetres in size, while exceptionally large clasts may also occur. The surfaces of the blocks have been cut and weathered over time, so the original shape of some clasts may be easier to recognise on less exposed surfaces.

The cathedral therefore provides an excellent opportunity to observe how a locally available geological material was incorporated into historical architecture. The use of the characteristic pink breccia is also significant for conservation: during the major restoration carried out between 1999 and 2005, the original quarry on Rab was reopened specifically to obtain matching stone for the restoration of the façade.

Tasks

1 - Describe the breccia on the façade: estimate the average size of the rock fragments (in cm).

2 - Identify rock types among the clasts: name at least two and describe color/texture.

3 - Assess the degree of rounding: angular, subangular, or well-rounded? What does this indicate about transport history?

4 - Take a photo of your hand or GPS device next to one of the breccia blocks on the façade.


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