9-PIN AND 10-PIN BOWLING
HISTORY
10-Pin Bowling
Bowling has a long and rich history, and today it is one of the most popular sports in the world. Bowling is actually a fairly simple game. You throw a ball down a lane and knock down the pins. This is why bowling has fascinated millions of people for thousands of years.
In the 1930s, a British anthropologist discovered a collection of objects in a child's grave in Egypt that he believed represented the original form of bowling. They found the beginnings of bowling that date back to around 5200 BC.
German historian William Pehle claimed that bowling began in Germany around 300 AD. There is considerable evidence that bowling was known in England as early as 1366, when King Edward III supposedly banned it so that his troops could focus on archery. And it is almost certain that bowling was popular during the reign of Henry VIII. Bowling was supposedly played with cannonballs.
In Germany and other parts of Europe, a game developed in which players rolled a ball to knock down 9 pins. 9-pin bowling quickly spread to England and America, where it became very popular. During Prohibition, the game was banned because bowling alleys were also used for gambling and drinking. To avoid the ban, another pin was added to the 9 pins and their arrangement was changed to the triangular shape that is still used today.
On September 9, 1895, the American Bowling Congress (ABC) was founded in Beethoven Hall in New York City, which established the rules and standards of bowling that are still in effect today. In 1917, the Women's International Bowling Congress was founded in St. Louis. They decided to form the so-called Women's National Bowling Association.
The Americans spread and popularized bowling around the world, especially after World War II, when they set up bowling alleys in military bases in various countries. After 1946, the alleys were automated and bowling soon became one of the most popular forms of leisure in America. 20 years later, 10-pin bowling also spread to England, but due to a lack of money, the alleys soon began to decline. The popularity of the game also declined due to the overly complicated scoring system, which changed with the introduction of computers that counted points. In the 80s and 90s, the number of large bowling centers increased again and is still growing. New improvements have appeared, such as fences that prevent the ball from rolling off the track, which is a great help to children. Bowling centers have thus become fun for the whole family and are also suitable for birthday parties.
Today, bowling is a globally recognized game, played in over 120 countries, with over 250,000 lanes and more than 89 million players in America alone. It is a game for fun and also a serious sport, which today has 20 million registered players worldwide. They compete in various leagues and championships. For some time now, the World Bowling Federation has been trying to make bowling an Olympic sport.
9-Pin Bowling
The first beginnings of 9-Pin bowling sport date back to the second half of the 18th century, when uniform bowling rules began to be prepared in Germany, the cradle of bowling. World Championships are organized every other year, and European Championships are organized in between. The International Bowling Federation has been working for several years to make 9-Pin bowling an Olympic sport, but unfortunately, expectations have not yet been realized.
COMPARISON
The difference between 10-PIn bowling and 9-Pin bowling is significant, although the games appear similar at first glance. Both involve throwing a ball down a lane to knock down pins, but they differ in equipment, rules, and technique.
Here are the key differences:
1. Number and shape of pins
10-Pin Bowling: The maple wood pins are 38 cm tall and weigh 1.8 kg each. 10 pins are placed in a triangle at the end of the lane.
9-Pin Bowling: 9 pins are used, arranged in a diamond shape (a square rotated 45 degrees). The center pin is often called the "king".
2. Ball
10-Pin Bowling: The ball is larger and has three holes for the fingers (thumb, middle finger and ring finger). This allows the player to spin the ball. The balls come in different colors and each color indicates the weight of the ball (between 3.6 and 8.2 kg). You choose the ball to throw by feel.
9-Pin Bowling: The ball is smaller, 16 cm in diameter, weighs 2.85 kg and has no holes. The player holds it with the whole palm.
3. Lane
10-PIn Bowling: The lane is quite smooth and slippery as it is coated with a special coating, which affects the sliding and twisting of the ball. There are channels ("gutters") on the sides, where the ball falls if the throw is not accurate. The lane is about 20 meters long and a good meter wide.
9-Pin Bowling: The lane is narrower and does not have channels on the sides, but the surface rises or falls slightly in certain parts, which requires different precision.
4. Rules of conduct
10-Pin Bowling: Access to the court is only permitted in clean and dry bowling shoes. Comfortable clothing that does not hinder your movement is recommended (long pants and a sports shirt). When throwing, care must be taken not to step over the line that marks the end of the run (FOUL LINE). To ensure that players do not lose concentration on the throw, the right-hand rule applies in bowling, which states that the player on the right lane always has the advantage.
Correct grip on the ball
Bowling balls weigh from 3.6 to 8.2 kilograms, so it is very important to choose a ball that is appropriately heavy and shaped for the game. A ball that is too heavy throws the player off balance and makes it impossible for him to control his throw. In addition to weight, it is also important that the ball has appropriately shaped holes that allow a good grip, with which you can hold the ball with your thumb, middle finger and ring finger without effort.
Correct posture
At a distance of 20 meters, every centimeter can be decisive, so preparation and correct technique are necessary for a good throw. Always first grasp the ball with both hands and position your fingers correctly. Position yourself about 4 meters away from the line, stand relaxed and hold the ball in front of your body at waist height. Look at the target and when you are ready, take the first step. At the same time, push the hand with the ball straight forward and let it swing slowly, freely. At the moment of the throw, your shoulders should be parallel to the line. Never throw the ball, but let it slide, first releasing your thumb and only then the other fingers. When you release the ball, swing your hand slightly upwards. Keep your eyes on the target.
9-Pin Bowling: When bowling, it is important to behave calmly and quietly while others are bowling and not to disturb them. We do not step on the lane or cross the line to bowl, but always wait our turn. We handle the ball and other equipment carefully and follow the instructions of the staff and the agreed rules. We are respectful of our teammates and ensure a friendly sporting atmosphere. We leave the area tidy and clean after the game, as bowling is a game of precision, respect and goodwill.
5. Scoring
Bowling: A game consists of 10 frames (FRAME). The object of the game is to knock down all the pins in each frame with the first throw (STRIKE). If you fail to do so, you try to knock down the remaining pins with the second throw (SPARE). In each frame, you bowl a maximum of two times. A PERFECT GAME is achieved if you knock down all the pins in all ten frames in a row with the first throw (STRIKE). This gives you 300 points – the maximum possible number of points per game.
Different symbols are used when writing the results.
* X – for strike (all pins knocked down with the first throw),
* / – for spare (all remaining pins knocked down with the second throw),
* F – for foul
9-Pin Bowling: Points are scored according to the number of pins knocked down. The most common is the combined game mode with 30 throws: for one series of throws there are 12 minutes available, where 15 throws are played in full, meaning that all the pins are put back after each throw. The other 15 throws are cleaned, meaning that the pins are knocked down until they are all knocked down. The result is the sum of all the pins knocked down in the entire game.
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E 014° 33.087 - Ema
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