[PL] Mirabelka przy skrytce - [EN] Mirabelle plum close to the
cache
[PL]
SKARBY ZIEMI W REJONIE BUKOWNA
W okolicach Bukowna znajduja sie triasowe dolomity kruszconosne z
bogatymi zlozami rud cynku i olowiu, z domieszka srebra. Rudy te
wytracily sie w pustkach krasowych, z goracych roztworow
hydrotermalnych. Glownym problemem w wydobyciu tych zloz jest
koniecznosc odwadniania kopaln. Na powierzchni dawnych bagien w
okolicy gromadzily sie takze rudy zelaza i galman (ruda
cynku).
GORNICTWO I HUTNICTWO
Wieki temu tereny wokol dzisiejszego Bukowna byly bagienne, pokryte
lasami, z kilkoma wyzszymi wzgorzami, ktore takze dzisiaj
zaznaczaja sie w krajobrazie. Na powierzchni bagien gromadzily sie
masy rud galmanowych (ruda cynku), ktore zbierano i przetapiano w
dymarkach juz za czasow Boleslawa Chrobrego, w X-XI w. Pozniej
pojawili sie przegrzebywacze ziemi, w XIII i XIV w. przemianowani
na "moznych gwarkow", zajmujacych sie pozyskiwaniem rudy olowiu i
zwiazanego z nim srebra. Istnieja przeslanki, ze proste gornictwo
tych rud istnialo w okresie latenskim (ok. 400 r. pne) i w
pozniejszej kulturze przeworskiej. Kiedy wyczerpaly sie zloza
powierzchniowe, zaczeto budowac szybiki oraz poziome sztolnie
odwadniajace zloza. Inwestycje byly kosztowne, ale dawaly tez
nadzieje na szybkie pomnozenie kapitalu. Okolo 1650-1800 wojny
polsko-szwedzkie i kleski zywiolowe doprowadzily do upadku wielu
kopalni i hut rejonu. Stare zloza byly na wyczerpaniu, a brakowalo
funduszy na budowe nowych sztolni odwadniajacych. Zabrano sie wtedy
za odzyskiwanie rud z dawnych hald. Ponowne ozywienie nastapilo w
XIX w., wraz z nadejsciem technologii produkcji cynku, z czasami
swietnosci w PRL. Obecnie rudy wydobywa sie w kopalni
Olkusz-Pomorzany, a w Bukownie produkuje cynk i olow.
SKRYTKA
Skrytka jest polozona na malowniczej lace, nad wartkim strumieniem
sztolni odwadniajacej z Zakladow Gorniczo-Hutniczych "Boleslaw",
posrod dzikich sadow (jablonie, wisnie, sliwy). Pozostalosci
gornictwa widac w rzezbie terenu - laki sa pelne dolkow, hald,
swietlikow sztolni i szkod gorniczych, dzisiaj w wiekszosci
zarosnietych. Jest tu bezpiecznie - nie wpadniesz nigdzie pod
ziemie.
Najwygodniej dojsc do skrytki droga polna wzdluz sztolni
odwadniajacej. Jest ona piaszczysta i porosnieta trawa, ale nadaje
sie do jazdy rowerem. Wygodny parking znajduje sie przy remizie
strazackiej w Wodacej (N 50 16.613 E 019 26.634). Potem przejdz
mostkiem na druga strone sztolni (N 50 16.569 E 019 26.750) i
podazaj wzdluz niej polna droga az do skrytki (na NNE).
[EN]
EARTH TREASURES IN BUKOWNO AREA
In Bukowno area there are Triassic dolostones with rich deposits of
zinc and lead ores and associated silver. These ores precipitated
in karst vugs from hot hydrothermal waters. The main problem is
that to mine them people have to intensively dewater the
underground corridors. On the surfaces of bogs that used to
surround Bukowno, also calamine (zinc ore) and iron ore was
concentrating.
MINING AND METALLURGY
Long ago land around Bukowno was full of bog, covered with forests,
with few emerging hills which you can also spot in the landscape.
On the surface of those bogs calamine was concentrating, which was
then smelted in bloomeries in 10.-11. centuries. Later on people
started to dig in the ground for lead and silver ores, and since
13.-14. centuries they were known here as "mighty miners". Some
premises indicate that on these lands the ores were mined for since
400 BC. When the surface deposits started to be scarce, mining
through shafts and adits started but they required dewatering. The
new investments were very expensive, however, they gave good
prospects for high and quick capital augmentation. Around 1650-1800
Polish-Swedish wars and natural catastrophies led to regression in
mining and metallurgy of the region. The old deposits were waning
and there was not enough funds to build new dewatering adits.
Miners started reworking the old waste heaps then. Revival of this
industry started in 19. century when new zinc production technology
was introduced, and it flourished during the communist People's
Republic of Poland times. Nowadays, the ores are mined for in only
one Olkusz-Pomorzany mine, and in Bukowno zinc and lead is produced
from them.
THE CACHE
The cache is located at a picturesque meadow, by a crystal-clear
stream of dewatering adit from ZGH "Boleslaw" Mining and Metallurgy
plant. The spot is surrounded by wild orchards with apple, cherry
and plum trees. The remnants of historical mining can be seen in
the topography - the meadows are full of depressions, heaps,
ventilation holes to adits, and land deformations due to collapsed
underground works. They are covered with vegetation but it is safe
to walk around - you will not fall underground.
An easy way to get to the cache is by a field road along the
dewatering adit. The road is sandy and overgrown with grass but it
is possible to cycle on it. It is best to park by a fire brigade
building in Wodaca (N 50 16.613 E 019 26.634), then at a bridge
cross the stream of the adit at N 50 16.569 E 019 26.750 to its
eastern side and follow the field road along the adit towards the
cache location (NNE).
