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Making Bacon in Calne Mystery Cache

This cache has been archived.

Wilburii: Well that's frustrating. I finally manage to make my way towards GZ armed with a replacement cache to discover that the field is now full of sheep. No problem with sheep but the barbed wire fence separating the path from GZ and no means of getting over it means that it's now time to say goodbye to this cache. I might resurrect it in a different location once I've found somewhere suitable, but in the meantime it's thanks to everyone who's visited the cache.

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Hidden : 3/16/2008
Difficulty:
3.5 out of 5
Terrain:
3.5 out of 5

Size: Size:   regular (regular)

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Geocache Description:

Calne has been a centre for bacon production for centuries. This puzzle cache commemorates this by showing you some locations which have links to the production process in Calne. The walk around Calne is OK for wheelchairs and buggies; but, to help its longevity, the cache location is a bit too rugged.

The coordinates are for a car park, though unless it's Sunday or a bank holiday it'll cost you a minimum of 50p. Instead I suggest you try Sainsbury's (The Pippin) or Somerfield car parks (Mill Street) and walk to the co-ordinates.

Once you reach the car park indicated then you are standing on what was part of the Harris factory. The following waypoints are quite close together and might take longer to enter in your GPRs (if you do these things by hand) than to get to! Come out of the pedestrian only entrance (waypoint 1) to Church Street and gaze across the river Marden to the shops and library which are built on the site of the other half of the factory. There was a walkway over the road to connect the two. Now walk to waypoint 2 and you will find yourself outside the Artifacts shop. This shop used to be the Harris factory shop and the exterior is as it was at that point in its history. Now cross the road and at waypoint 3 you find yourself near the gates on the path up to St Mary's church. Look at the graves to your left under the yew trees and a couple of them look to have had bites taken out of them. These are, apparently, grooves worn by years of use as knife sharpeners.

Wiltshire has been the heart of bacon manufacture for hundreds of years. This was not because of locally produced pigs but because, in years gone by, many pigs were imported from Ireland and driven in droves from Bristol to London. Calne was a regular resting place for herds of swine on that route. By the time they had reached Calne it would be clear which ones were not fit enough to make it all the way. Therefore it was a natural place for the weaker animals to be culled. This meant there was a constant supply of carcasses to be cured.

In the late eighteenth century John Harris opened a butcher's shop in Calne. His sons, John and Henry each ran a business curing bacon. John's was in the High Street, whilst Henry was in Butcher Row (part of what is now Church Street).

Before the widespread use of refrigeration curing bacon was limited to the winter, as during the summer months salted bacon tended to spoil and turn rancid before the curing process was completed. Mr George Harris travelled to America in 1847 where he came across the method of cooling of meat using icehouses. He brought the technology home and built the first curing plant in 1856 in which they packed the roof with ice using a combination of local ice and ice imported from Norway. As meat keeps fresh longer at lower temperatures it did not require so much salt. The process was that sides of pork were immersed in Brine (a  salt and saltpetre solution containing useful salt-tolerant bacteria) for 3 to 4 days and then stacked in the cooled plant for two weeks to mature. This method became known as the Wiltshire Cure. George took out a patent in 1864. This method produces a low-salt sweet bacon. It had the added attraction that being a wet cure there was none of the weight loss associated with dry cures. Later, to help with the cure, the brine was also injected into the carcass. It was then realised that this added weight to the carcass and that more water meant extra profit!

Bacon curing was the principal industry in Calne from then until the early 1980s. In 1879 the business in Butcher Row was trading as Charles Harris & Co.; from 1885 that in High Street traded as Thomas Harris & Sons. In 1885 they had factories respectively on and behind the south side of the old Butcher Row and behind High Street. The businesses were amalgamated in 1888, and in 1889 C. & T. Harris & Co. had c. 230 employees, slaughtered 2000-3000 pigs a week, and produced mainly bacon, sausages, and lard. In the 20th century the production of pies, cooked meat, and tinned meat was greatly increased. In 1915 the factory behind High Street was enlarged, in 1919 a power station to generate electricity was built on the north side of the old Butcher Row, in 1920 a new factory fronting the east side of New Road was built, and in 1932 the factory behind the south side of the old Butcher Row was replaced by a new one built on its site. A factory was built near Calne station in 1929 and enlarged in 1936: it was used to convert by-products of food processing to fertilizer, animal foodstuff, bristles for brushes, and curled hair for upholstery and apparently the smell could be overpowering. C. & T. Harris (Calne) Ltd. had 1,171 employees in 1934, 2,116 in 1957. The factories were closed in 1982 and demolished in the period 1984-6.

Additional Hints (Decrypt)

Ybbx pybfryl ng gur grkg naq erzrzore gur anzr bs gur pnpur.

Decryption Key

A|B|C|D|E|F|G|H|I|J|K|L|M
-------------------------
N|O|P|Q|R|S|T|U|V|W|X|Y|Z

(letter above equals below, and vice versa)