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Podes: Kdyz uz rivivr dnes zacal, tak to dokoncim.

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Hidden : 8/3/2010

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Geocache Description:

Mine.
Mine.

EN.
EN.

Kursk Magnetic Anomaly.

Anomaly.

Kursk Magnetic Anomaly is a territory rich in iron ores located within the Kursk, Belgorod, and Voronezh oblasts in Russia, and constitutes a significant part of the Central Chernozyom Region. The Kursk Magnetic Anomaly is recognized as the largest magnetic anomaly on Earth.
The Kursk Magnetic Anomaly (KMA) was first discovered in 1733 by the Russian astronomer and academic Pyotr Inokhodtsev while preparing the maps of the General Land Survey at the behest of the Russian government. It was not investigated again until 1874 when I. N. Smirnov conducted the first geomagnetic survey of European Russia. In 1883, N. D. Pilchikov an assistant professor at Kharkiv University conducted a series of 71 observations of the Kursk Magnetic Anomaly. These revealed a much larger extent than previously measured and for the first time attributed the anomaly to the presence of iron ore. In 1884, on the basis of this discovery, Pilchikov was awarded the silver medal of the Russian Geographical Society.

Serious investigation of the economic potential of the anomaly occurred under the leadership of Ivan Gubkin in 1920-1925, originally based upon the possibilies for oil. Rich ores were discovered in the region of the anomaly about 1931. The ores are spread over an area estimated at 120,000 km2 and are magnetite quartzites disseminated throughout metamorphic rocks and Pre-Cambrian granitoids. Surveyed ore reserves of ferrous quartzite are presently estimated at more than 25 billion tonnes of 32-37% Fe and more than 30 billion tonnes of 52-66% Fe. The open pit method is used to mine this ore at the Stoylenskoye, Lebedinskoye, and Mikhailovskoye deposits. Underground mining methods are used for the Korobkovskoye deposit.

The largest open pit mine is Lebedinskij near town Gubkin. Its depth is 350 m, since 1971 there were dig up more then one billion tonnes of ferrous quartzite.

Cache.

The tasks necessary for logging:

1. Add your photo with GPS open pit mine Lebedinskij (alone cachers will make do with a photo of their GPS) to your log.

2. Send answers to these questions by e-mail address in the profile of the owner:

a) What is the mine altitude on the basic coordinates?

b) When was Anomaly found by Russian astronomer?

c) What is maximum presently Fe in ferrous quartzite?

Mine.
Mine.

CZ.
CZ.

Kurska magneticka anomalie.

Anomalie.

Kurska magneticka anomalie casto oznacovana zkratkou KMA je magneticka anomalie oblasti v Ruske federaci; je bohata na zeleznou rudu.
Zabira casti Kurske, Belgorodske, Orelske a Voronezske oblasti, samotna Kurska panev presahuje i do dalsich oblasti a jeji plocha je asi 160 000 km2. Loziska se nachazeji v linii dlouhe asi 850 a siroke priblizne 40 u 100 km. Jizne pokracuje do obdobnych lozisek u Kremencuku a dale az do oblasti krivorozskske rudni zony. Kurska magneticka anomalie je nejvetsi magnetickou anomalii zaznamenanou na Zemi.

Anomalie byla objevena uz v 18. stoleti v roce 1773 pri mapovani oblasti astronomem a clenem Ruske akademie ved P. B. Inochodcevem. V roce 1874 zde geomagneticka mereni provadel docent Univerzity v Kazani N. Smirnov, v roce 1883 provedl serii 71 mereni N. Pilcikov a poprve vyslovil domnenku o puvodu teto magneticke anomalie a pricinne souvislosti s predpokladanym obrovskym loziskem zelezne rudy. Za to ziskal v roce 1884 stribrnou medaili Ruske geograficke spolecnosti.

Vyznamna loziska paskovanych zeleznych rud vsak byla objevena az ve 20. a 30. letech 20. stoleti pri vyzkumech statni komise vedene Ivanem Gubkinem, jejimz cilem vsak puvodne byla ropa.

Geologie.

Kurska magneticka anomalie se nachazi v prekambrickem Voronezskem masivu. Vetsina jeho prekambrickych hornin je pod nim hluboce pochovana, jeho vychodni cast vsak vychazi na povrch v udoli reky Don. Kurska skupina geologicky odpovida horninam Krivorozske skupiny, jeji horniny jsou vsak intenzivneji premeneny. Na zvrasnene prekambricke horniny naseda na severu devon, na jihu karbon a ve stredu oblasti jura.

Rudne polohy reprezentuji zelezne kvarcity, ktere tvori stredni formaci, obklopene krystalickymi bridlicemi, rulami, polohami vapencu a granitoidnich intruzi vrchni a spodni formace. Vrchni formaci tvori diskordantne nasedajici fylity, slepence a vapence. Horizonty na rudu bohatych hornin jsou asi 200 m mocne a nachazeji se v hloubkach od 30 do 350 m pod povrchem. V jejich podlozi je mozno najit premenene piskovce, fylity a svory, ruly a migmatity spodni formace. Cela oblast je intenzivne zvrasnena a postizena zlomovou tektonikou. Nejvyznamnejsimi rudami jsou magnetit, hematit a siderit. Ruda obsahuje prumerne od 26 do 46 % zeleza. V regionu se podle dnesnich predstav nachazi asi 25 Mt stredne kvalitni rudy s obsahem Fe 32-37 % a 30 Mt rud s obsahem 52-66 % Fe. Situovany jsou ve dvou rovnobeznych od severozapadu k jihovychodu se tahnoucich pruzich. Vychodni 1 u 60 kilometru siroky pas se tahne asi 400 km mezi mesty Valujky na jihovychod k Staremu Oskolu, Scigram a vychodne od Kurska k mestu Orjol. Zapadni pas je asi 600 km dlouhy a 2 u 40 km siroky, tahne se od mesta Volcansk na jih k Belgorodu, Lgovu a zapadne od Kurska k Boljatinu na severu.

Tezba.

Poprve zde byla zelezna ruda objevena 7. dubna 1923 v blizkosti mesta Scigry v hloubce 167 metru. V roce 1935 se zacalo s razbou prvnich overovacich stol, tezba pote hlubinnym zpusobem pokracovala a v listopadu tehoz roku bylo vytezeno prvnich 35 tun rudy. Ve ctyricatych a pocatkem let padesatych let pruzkum pokracoval. Odkryti vetsiny povrchovych dolu spada az do tohoto obdobi. Prvni kombinat k uprave rudy byl uveden do provozu v roce 1956.

Uzemi Kurske anomalie je rozdeleno na nekolik banskych oblasti, nektere z nich se vymykaji administrativnimu deleni. Jde o Lebedinskou, Michajlovskou, Stojlenskou, Korobkovskou, Jakovlevskou, Pogremeckou, Novojaltijskou a Bolsetrojskou oblast. Vyznamnymi hornimi a zpracovatelskymi mesty jsou zde Gubkin, Zeleznogorsk, Staryj Oskol, Strojitel, Sebekino, Dimitrovsk a dalsi. Ruda se zde tezi prevazne povrchovym zpusobem (Stojlenska, Lebedinska a Michajlovska rudni oblast) ale napr. v Korobkovske rudni oblasti se tezi hlubinnym zpusobem.

Nejvetsim povrchovym dolem je v soucasnosti Lebedinskij u Gubkina. Ma hloubku 350 metru (z toho temer 150 pod urovni more), od roku 1971 tu byla vytezeno vice nez miliarda tun zelezne rudy.

Kes.

Ukoly potrebne pro logovani:

1) Pridat svoji fotografii s GPS povrchoveho dolu Lebedinskij (samostatnym lovcum staci foto jejich GPS) do sveho logu.

2) Napsat odpovedi na nasledujici otazky na e-mail v profilu autora:

a) Jaka je nadmorska vyska na okraji lomu na vychozich souradnicich?

b) Kdy poprve byla zjistena anomalie ruskym astronomem?

c) Jaky je maximalni obsah zeleza v zelezne rude?