Mogollon
One of four major prehistoric archaeological culture areas of the American Southwest and Northern Mexico, the Mogollon lived in the southwest from approximately 150 A.D. until about 1450 A.D. The name Mogollon comes from the Mogollon Mountains, which were named after Don Juan Ignacio Flores Mogollón, the Spanish Governor of New Mexico from 1712-1715. They are thought to be the first of the southwestern peoples to farm, build shelters, and make pottery. To supplement their diet they also harvested wild plants and hunted small game. When they took up the bow and arrow about 500 A.D., hunting became more prevalent. They lived a sedentary village life-style near streams, often in canyons or other easily defendable locations. Their homes were similar to Hohokam pit houses though smaller and taller. The largest structure called kiva served as the social and ceremonial center of the village.