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Glacial evidence EarthCache

Hidden : 9/10/2014
Difficulty:
3 out of 5
Terrain:
3 out of 5

Size: Size:   other (other)

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Geocache Description:

Geologic setting of McNabs Island

Congratulations to WiFi902 and the 72nd for being first to find!


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  1. [REQUIRED] Please post a photo in your log of yourself or a personal item at the outcrop to prove you visited the site.
  2. What type of rock is the outcrop?

Notes from the book, "Discover McNabs Island" second edition.

Approximately 10,000 years ago, after the glaciers retreated from the area, McNabs Island resided on a plateau overlooking a valley containing the Sackville River. At the time, the region was uplifted on a glacial forebulge formed by the weight of ice to the northwest, depressing the earth's crust and forcing fluid mantle material outwards to the edge of the ice sheet (similar to someone sitting on a waterbed).

Sea level was approximately 65 meters below present and the shoreline was located about 12 km southeast of McNabs Island.

As the glaciers retreated, the mantle material and forebulge moved northwest, out from underneath Halifax, and the region began to subside. At the same time, with the addition of water from the melting glaciers, sea level rose and flooded the Sackville River valley and the McNabs drumlins on the upland above it, forming Halifax Harbour as it is now.

The glacial sediments of McNabs Island lie on metasandstone and slate of the Goldenville and Halifax formation (Province of Nova Scotia, 1994). These original sediments, derived from the erosion of a mountainous region that lay to the present southeast, approximately 550 to 450 million years ago, along the continental margin of the Rheic Ocean (Atlantic Geoscience Society, 2001; Roland, 1982).

The slate sits comformably on the metasandstone and is therefore younger, indicating that finer sediments were delivered over time as the mountainous region was eroded. As the Rheic Ocean closed, erocks of the Goldenville and Halifax formations were buried, metamorphosed, folded, and later cut by northwest trending faults.

The outcrop

These faults were subsequently carved out by rivers and glaciers and now form deep embayments such as the Halifax Harbour. A single outcrop is found on McNabs Island at the spot you are standing on now. The exposures of these outcrops on the island suggest that a contact between the two underlies McNabs Island.

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