The purpose of this earthcache (and EVERY earthcache I’ve authored) is to provide children (and adults like me who know very little about the environment) with an opportunity to increase their knowledge-base and, like me, to develop a deeper appreciation for the world we live in. The lessons and related questions are brief, easy to answer and easy to remember for a lifetime!
The ledge in front of you was scraped into existence during the final phase of the Wisconsin Ice Age. Glaciers are made up of fallen snow that compresses into ice over time and flows over the land much like a very slow moving river. Imagine the power of that ice as it passed through this area. Glacial rocks and ledges such as this can be found throughout New England, and other parts of the country.
According to Encyclopedia Britannica and Wikipedia, the Wisconsin Glacial Stage is the best known and most recent of the glaciers that affected North America and it had a profound effect upon North America’s landscape. Ice covered most of Canada, the Upper Midwest and New England as well as parts of Montana and Washington state. Nantucket, Martha’s Vineyard and other east-coast islands were formed by moraines (sediment ridges) left by the retreating glacier. Additionally, the Great Lakes, the Ohio River Valley and Niagara Falls are among many of the other geological products of the that were formed by the Wisconsin Glacier.
Glaciers occupy about 10% of the world’s total land area today. Approximately 85% of the present day glacier ice is on the Antarctic continent, covering an area larger than the combined areas of western Europe and the US. 10% is in Greenland. All the remaining glaciers of the world amount to only about 5 % of the world’s freshwater ice.
During the Late Wisconsin Glaciation Stage the first clear traces of human presence in North America became evident, though there are some indications that humans may have arrived even earlier. It is believed that a land bridge was formed in the Bering Strait due to low water levels and this allowed people to cross over from present-day Russia. A feature of the end of the Wisconsin Glacial Stage was the extinction of numerous species of large mammals in North America, including the horse, mammoth, mastodon, camel, giant armadillo, and saber-toothed cats. 
To get credit for this EC, please email me the answers to the following questions:
1. How are glaciers formed?
2. On what continent can you find the majority of present-day glaciers?
3. What is a moraine?
4. According to the sign placed near the site, about how long ago was this ledge created?