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Quartz vein on Bukit Kepayang EarthCache

Hidden : 11/11/2018
Difficulty:
2.5 out of 5
Terrain:
3.5 out of 5

Size: Size:   other (other)

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Geocache Description:


This is an Earth Cache, so there is no physical container for you to find. Instead, you will learn how to identify a quartz vein and discover how they are formed. Bring a small ruler or tape measure to measure the length of the vein.

You can get to the Earth Cache site a number of different ways. The easiest access point is driving up to the Arulmighu Maha Sapthakannika Devi Temple (Kanni Kuil) or the Virgin which will take less than 10 minutes and then walk for another 5 minutes or you could follow the exciting hiking trail with the Trail Head at N2° 42.907' E101° 54.337' which will take you about 40 minutes of sweaty hiking. If you drive up to the temple, your car could be stuck up at the temple compound if there is a prayer session on at the temple. You can only retrieve your car after devotees left if your car is blocked.

Geology

Quartz is an igneous rock made from silicon and oxygen atoms. It has a crystalline structure, and the crystals are large and often clearly visible. Quartz is the second-most common mineral in the Earth's crust. Pure quartz is transparent and colourless, but impurities (such as iron, manganese, aluminium or titanium), can cause quartz to take on various colours. Some of these transparent coloured stones are semi-precious gems, such as amethyst, which is quartz with a purple colouring due to the impurities. Jasper, citrine and onyx are also variant of quartz. Quartz is often found in pinks, blues, yellows, browns and pinks. Milky quartz is white and milky in appearance, and is not transparent because gases or liquids were trapped in the quartz as it cooled and the crystals were forming.

At the listed co-ordinates, you will find yourself standing on a rocky ridge. The large mass of rock on which you stand is a greyish-brown colour, but has bands of quartz that stand out due to their much different colouring and their height. These quartz veins also stand out amongst the rocks around them, so you should be able to identify them easily.

Quartz veins like the one here, probably are formed by the following sequence. The large mass of rock was formed when lava flowed here from a volcanic eruption long, long ago. As the lava cooled, it shrank, and cracks formed. Some time later, very hot water rose through these cracks, from deep below the surface of the earth. This hot water had minerals dissolved in it, which were gradually deposited on the sides of the cracks in the rock. The silicon and oxygen formed crystals of quartz in the fissure, gradually filling the crack with quartz. The surface of the rock has since been worn away by erosion, a gradual weathering process. Because the greyish red rock weathered faster than the quartz, the quartz sticks out higher than the surrounding rock.

When quartz crystals form quickly, they are more likely to trap water or gases, resulting in milky quartz. When crystal growth is slower, the resultant quartz is clearer. "Massive quartz" is quartz where the crystals are formed so close together, they form a solid block of rock, and the individual crystals become indistinguishable.

Questions

Find some of the quartz veins, and answer these questions, then email your answers to the cache owner.

1. Describe the quartz that forms the veins. Why do you think it looks like this?

2. Explain the appearance of the veins and why you think they are different in height from the surrounding area?

3. Measure one of the average-sized veins. How wide is it (in millimetres)?

4. What is the widest vein you can see here?

5. Find some quartz crystals. What is the colour of the crystals? Why do you think the quartz breaks apart?

NOTE : If you forget to bring a ruler, here is a cheat's way to estimate sizes. Take a photograph of the rock you want to measure, and include in the photo an object of similar size like pen or coin. When you get back to "civilisation", measure the object, then you can estimate the size of the thing in the photo.

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After you are done with this cache, dont forget to go to Bukit Kepayang 1 - Virgin Temple located further away.

REFERENCES

http://www.quartzpage.de/gen_occ.html#VQ

https://www.geologyin.com/2014/11/veins-and-hydrothermal-deposits.html

https://earthscience.stackexchange.com/questions/12939/how-do-quartz-veins-form

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quartz

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vein_(geology)

Additional Hints (No hints available.)