中文
贵州赤水丹霞国家地质公园位于贵州省赤水市，地处四川盆地南缘，紧靠黔北大娄山北麓，扬子准地台西部。是青年早期丹霞地貌的代表，其面积达1200多平方公里，是全国面积最大的丹霞地貌。
赤水丹霞含一个国家级自然保护区、两个国家森林公园和一个国家级风景名胜区，并处在长江上游珍稀特有鱼类国家级自然保护区的核心区，佛光岩是其中最重要的景点之一。
赤水丹霞在2009年第34届世界遗产大会上通过表决，成为我国第8个世界自然遗产项目。
佛光岩的位置
佛光岩景区(原名五柱峰景区)位于贵州省赤水市元厚镇，距城区44公里。
赤水丹霞的形成
赤水丹霞地貌的形成的发展大致可分为四个阶段，即古湖沉积期、抬升剥蚀期、幼年丹霞期以及青年丹霞期。
1.古湖沉积期
三叠纪中晚期的印支运动，使得四川中台坳发生断陷下沉形成巴蜀古湖，在三叠纪晚期至白垩纪期间一直处于的内陆湖盆环境，并沉积了厚达上千米的红层和含煤组合，为后期赤水丹霞地貌的发育准备了良好的物质基础。
2.抬升剥蚀期
白垩纪末期的燕山运动使得四川中台坳脱离内陆湖盆环境，原来在巴蜀古湖中沉积的巨厚红层暴露地表，并在第三纪期间连同其南侧的黔北台隆经历了较长时间的间歇性剥蚀夷平过程，形成了多级地形起伏较和缓的夷平面。地形上整体表现为东南高、西北低。
3.青年丹霞I 期
进入第四纪后，受新构造运动的影响，贵州高原掀斜式抬升，导致赤水丹霞的地貌向回春方向发育。四川盆地受到强烈挤压，其边缘地区挤压尤为强烈。由于四川盆地刚性较强，褶皱发育较差，上升幅度不大，大多数地区地层倾角较为和缓，但陡顷的X节理极为发育。赤水丹霞所在的四川盆地南缘地区的侏罗系、白垩系红层受贵州高原的迅速抬升影响，发生显著上升。贵州高原和四川盆地在地势上的高差进一步拉大。赤水河及其支流受此影响强烈下切，产生继承性发育，并沿大型节理塑造出较深的峡谷，第三纪形成的古夷平面开始解体。但因下切侵蚀的时间不长，沟谷不深，许多地区还保留了大面积连片的高原面，台地的四周因重力崩塌的影响，开始发育出一些赤壁丹崖，但高度均不大。
4.青年丹霞II 期
随着赤水河及其支流的不断下切，丹霞地貌向深性发育。东部核心区山顶高度基本一致（1400～1500米），古夷平面依稀可见，山原峡谷型丹霞景观十分典型。“V”形丹霞深谷的数量大大增加，深度也较前一阶段大很多，沟底至山顶的相对高差一般可达数百米。作为赤水丹霞代表性景观的丹霞崖壁不论是数量和还是高度方面，均较前一阶段有很大的发展，高达数百米的丹崖随处可见。西区处于回春发育的青年早期阶段，分水岭地区保留了较大面积的高原面，但周边地区已开始遭受较为强烈的切割而趋于破碎，但峡谷的深度和空间分布密度远不及东部核心区，形态上属于典型的高原峡谷型丹霞地貌，和东部核心区形成了较为明显的空间反差
佛光岩形成的原因
有“世界丹霞之冠”之称的佛光岩呈弧形， 弧长1 0 0 0余米、高3 0 0余米。佛光岩早在侏罗纪、白垩纪时代就已形成，大约距今2亿年至6600万年前。
赤水河一带出露地层全是侏罗纪、白垩纪河湖相红色沉积岩。白垩系是赤水丹霞地貌发育最为核心的物质基础，以河湖相厚层块状红色砂岩夹粉砂岩为主，岩石坚硬，抗侵蚀性强，垂直节理发育，多发育峡谷崖壁等高大雄伟的丹霞地貌形态。侏罗系地层以紫红色、紫灰色砂岩、泥岩、页岩为主，岩性较软，抗侵蚀性弱，主要以剥蚀—侵蚀红岩低山、丘陵等地貌形态为主，边坡和缓。
这种特殊的地貌在差异风化，重力崩塌、风雨侵溶等物理生化综合作用下，形成宝塔状、城堡状、针状、柱状、棒状、方山状、峰林状等无数奇异的丹霞地貌景观，大地山崖呈现出红艳艳的赤红色彩，是我国丹霞地貌面积最大，出露最齐，特色最典型的景区。
前往佛光岩
通过入口（需要门票）后，乘坐摆渡车到达停车点，随后游客们就可以开始徒步穿走过栈道穿过峡谷，可以一直走到佛光岩的岩壁下。沿途不同色调的红色岩石与清澈的溪水形成鲜明对比，在此过程中，有许多sign对地质、植物和特殊现象进行了解释。
你的任务
请通过电子邮件回答以下问题。然后，您可以立即记录Earthcache。如果出现问题，我们会与您联系。 没有电子邮件的日志将被删除而不发表评论。
问题
1. 站在巨大的岩壁前，根据你的观察，厚层块状红色砂岩的节理方向是哪个方向？ （垂直，水平或者对角线？）
2. 根据文章内容，你能估算一下，如果佛光岩形成一个圆圈的话，直径大约是多少？
3. 在步行进入景区的过程中，路边经常能看见一种古老的恐龙时代的植物，它叫什么？
4. 在穿越峡谷时，栈道与河水时而平行时而交叉。河道里有一些特殊的景观，它是什么？为什么形成？留意sign。
5. 提供一张你与佛光岩的照片，当然这是自愿的。
English
Guizhou Chishui Danxia Landform National Geopark is located in Chishui City, Guizhou Province, in the southern margin of Sichuan Basin, close to the north foot of Loushan mountain in the north of Guizhou and the west of Yangtze paraplatform. It is the representative of Danxia Landform in the early youth, with an area of more than 1200 square kilometers. It is the largest Danxia Landform in China.
Chishui Danxia Landform contains a National Nature Reserve, two national forest parks and a national scenic spot. It is also the core area of the National Nature Reserve for rare and unique fish in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River. Buddha-Light Rock（Foguangyan） is one of the most important scenic spots.
Chishui Danxia Landform passed the vote at the 34th World Heritage conference in 2009 and became the Eighth World Natural Heritage Project in China.
Location of Buddha-Light Rock（Foguangyan）
Buddha-Light Rock（Foguangyan） scenic area (formerly known as Wuzhufeng scenic area) is located in YuanHou Town, Chishui City, Guizhou Province, 44 kilometers away from the urban area.
Formation of Danxia Landform in Chishui
The formation and development of Chishui Danxia Landform can be roughly divided into four stages: ancient lake deposition stage, uplift and denudation stage, juvenile Danxia Landform stage and youth Danxia Landform stage.
1. Paleolake sedimentary period
The Indosinian movement in the middle and Late Triassic caused the fault depression and subsidence of Zhongtai depression in Sichuan to form Bashu ancient lake. It has been in the inland lake basin environment from the Late Triassic to the Cretaceous, and deposited thousands of red beds and coal bearing combinations, which has prepared a good material basis for the development of Chishui Danxia Landform in the later stage.
2. Uplift denudation period
The Yanshan orogeny at the end of Cretaceous made Zhongtai depression in Sichuan separated from the inland lake basin environment. The huge thick red layer deposited in Bashu ancient lake exposed the surface, and experienced a long-term intermittent denudation and planation process together with the North Guizhou platform uplift in the South during the Tertiary period, forming a multi-level planation surface with gentle topographic fluctuation. On the whole, the terrain is high in the southeast and low in the northwest.
3. Youth Danxia Landform I
After entering the Quaternary, affected by the neotectonic movement, the Guizhou Plateau lifted obliquely, resulting in the development of the landform of Chishui Danxia Landform in the direction of rejuvenation. Sichuan Basin is strongly compressed, especially in its marginal areas. Due to the strong rigidity, poor fold development and small rise in Sichuan Basin, the stratum dip angle in most areas is relatively gentle, but the steep x joints are extremely developed. The Jurassic and Cretaceous red beds in the southern margin of Sichuan basin where Chishui Danxia Landform is located have increased significantly due to the rapid uplift of Guizhou Plateau. The elevation difference between Guizhou Plateau and Sichuan Basin is further widened. Chishui River and its tributaries were strongly incised under this influence, resulting in inherited development, and deep canyons were shaped along large joints, and the paleoplanation plane formed in tertiary began to disintegrate. However, due to the short time of undercutting and erosion and the lack of deep valleys, a large area of continuous plateau surface is retained in many areas. Due to the influence of gravity collapse, some Chibi Dan cliffs begin to develop around the platform, but the height is not large.
4. Youth Danxia Landform II
With the continuous undercutting of Chishui River and its tributaries, Danxia Landform develops to depth. The peak height of the eastern core area is basically the same (1400 ~ 1500m), the ancient planation plane is vaguely visible, and the Danxia Landform landscape of Shanyuan Canyon type is very typical. The number of "V" shaped Danxia Landform deep valley has greatly increased, and the depth is much larger than that in the previous stage. The relative height difference from the ditch bottom to the top of the mountain can generally reach hundreds of meters. As a representative landscape of Danxia Landform in Chishui, Danxia Landform cliffs have developed greatly compared with the previous stage in terms of quantity and height. Danxia Landform cliffs up to hundreds of meters can be seen everywhere. The western area is in the early youth stage of rejuvenation development. The watershed area retains a large area of plateau surface, but the surrounding areas have begun to suffer strong cutting and tend to be broken. However, the depth and spatial distribution density of the canyon are far lower than that of the eastern core area. In terms of morphology, it belongs to the typical plateau Canyon Danxia Landform, which forms an obvious spatial contrast with the eastern core area。
Reasons for the formation of Buddha-Light Rock（Foguangyan）
Buddha-Light Rock（Foguangyan）, known as "the crown of Danxia Landform in the world", is an arc, with an arc length of more than 100 meters and a height of more than 300 meters. Buddha-Light Rock（Foguangyan） was formed as early as Jurassic and Cretaceous, about 200 million to 66 million years ago.
The exposed strata in Chishui River area are all Jurassic and Cretaceous river lake facies red sedimentary rocks. The Cretaceous is the core material basis for the development of Danxia Landform in Chishui. It is mainly composed of thick massive red sandstone with siltstone in river lake facies. The rock is hard, strong erosion resistance, vertical joints are developed, and tall and majestic Danxia Landform forms such as Canyon cliffs are mostly developed. Jurassic strata are mainly purplish red and purple gray sandstone, mudstone and shale, with soft lithology and weak erosion resistance. They are mainly denuded eroded red rock, low mountains, hills and other geomorphic forms, and the slope is gentle.
Under the comprehensive physical and biochemical effects of differential weathering, gravity collapse, wind and rain intrusion and dissolution, this special landform forms countless strange Danxia Landform landscapes such as pagoda, Castle, needle, column, rod, fangshan and peak forest. The earth cliffs show a bright red color. It is the largest Danxia Landform area, the most exposed and the most typical scenic spot in China.
Go to Buddha-Light Rock（Foguangyan）
After passing through the entrance (tickets are required), take the ferry to the parking spot, and then tourists can start walking through the plank road, through the canyon, and all the way to the rock wall of Buddha-Light Rock（Foguangyan）. The red rocks of different colors along the way form a sharp contrast with the clear streams. In this process, many signs have explained the geology, plants and special phenomena.
Your tasks
Please answer the following questions by email. You can then record earthcache immediately. If there is a problem, we will contact you. Logs without e-mail will be deleted without comment.
Question
1. Standing in front of the huge rock wall, according to your observation, what is the joint direction of thick massive red sandstone? (vertical, horizontal or diagonal?)
2. According to the content of the article, can you estimate the diameter if the Buddha-Light Rock（Foguangyan） forms a circle?
3. In the process of walking into the scenic spot, you can often see an ancient dinosaur plant on the roadside. What's its name?
4. When crossing the canyon, the plank road and the river sometimes parallel and sometimes cross. There are some special landscapes in the river. What is it? Why? Pay attention to sign.
5. Provide a photo of you and Buddha-Light Rock（Foguangyan）. Of course, it is voluntary.