Nemuno delta / Nemunas Delta / Memeldelta EarthCache
Nemuno delta / Nemunas Delta / Memeldelta
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Nemuno delta / Nemunas Delta / Memeldelta
Upės delta - Generelly
Upės delta yra trikampio formos reljefo forma, susidaranti nusėdus nuosėdoms, kurias neša upė ir patenka į lėčiau judantį arba stovintį vandenį. Taip atsitinka, kai upė patenka į vandenyną, jūrą, estuariją, ežerą, rezervuarą arba (rečiau) kitą upę, kuri negali išnešti tiekiamų nuosėdų. Jis taip pavadintas dėl savo trikampio formos, primenančios graikišką raidę Delta. Deltos dydį ir formą kontroliuoja pusiausvyra tarp baseino procesų, tiekiančių nuosėdas, ir baseino procesų, kurie perskirsto, suriša ir eksportuoja tas nuosėdas. Priėmimo baseino dydis, geometrija ir vieta taip pat vaidina svarbų vaidmenį delta evoliucijoje.
Deltos paprastai klasifikuojamos pagal pagrindinę nusėdimo kontrolę, kuri yra upės, bangos ir potvynio procesų derinys, atsižvelgiant į kiekvieno stiprumą. Kiti du veiksniai, kurie vaidina svarbų vaidmenį, yra kraštovaizdžio padėtis ir šaltinio nuosėdų, patenkančių į deltą iš upės, grūdelių dydžio pasiskirstymas.
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Nemuno delta / Nemunas Delta / Memeldelta
A river delta - Generelly
A river delta is a landform shaped like a triangle, created by deposition of sediment that is carried by a river and enters slower-moving or stagnant water. This occurs where a river enters an ocean, sea, estuary, lake, reservoir, or (more rarely) another river that cannot carry away the supplied sediment. It is so named because its triangle shape, resembles the Greek letter Delta. The size and shape of a delta is controlled by the balance between watershed processes that supply sediment, and receiving basin processes that redistribute, sequester, and export that sediment. The size, geometry, and location of the receiving basin also plays an important role in delta evolution.
Deltas are typically classified according to the main control on deposition, which is a combination of river, wave, and tidal processes, depending on the strength of each. The other two factors that play a major role are landscape position and the grain size distribution of the source sediment entering the delta from the river.
The following delta species are common:
- Fluvial-dominated deltas
- Wave-dominated deltas
- Tide-dominated deltas
- Tidal freshwater deltas
- Inland deltas
Nemunas Delta - a rarity among the estuaries of Europe
The Nemunas (lit. Nemunas, Russian Neman) is 937 km long and is one of the few rivers in Europe that have formed an estuary delta in the course of their development history. The Nemunas Delta begins about 50 km before the Curonian Lagoon with the division of the mother current into the northern Russ Current (lit. Rusnė) and the southern Gilge (Russian Matrosovka, lit. Gilija). The two share the water of the Memel in a ratio of about 4:1, which means that the Russ River is by far the larger arm. At the level of the Lithuanian town of Rusnė (German: Russ), the Russ River also splits into the two main estuary arms Atmath (lit. Atmata) and Skirwiet (lit. Skirvytė) and the smaller Pokallna (lit. Pakalnė) as the third Poor. The two main estuary arms enclose a large delta island in a semicircle, the so-called "Russer Wasserwinkel". In addition to the Pokallna, this is crossed by a large number of other watercourses.
The development of a delta is a fascinating dynamic process. Over the centuries, the river – here the Memel – pushes its way in a funnel shape into a coastal water or an inland sea – here into the Curonian Lagoon. To do this, it constantly transports sediments of gravel, sand and clay from its catchment area, which it deposits at its mouth. In the interplay between water and land, new estuaries form over time, others silt up, islands arise and gradually connect with the shore to form new land.
The Nemunas Delta wetlands are considered globally significant and are protected under the Ramsar Convention. To safeguard the delta's wildlife and facilitate research, the Nemunas Delta Regional Park was created.
The delta hosts many rare varieties of birds during the spring breeding season. Millions of birds and hundreds of species traveled through this area each year, including some internationally endangered species: the white-tailed eagle, the barnacle goose, cranes, dunlins and aquatic warblers. Mammals found in the delta include fox, beaver, elk, wild boar and otter.
Another of the delta's special features is Lake Krokų Lanka (near where the Nemunas debouches), which formed when the river's outwash separated it from the Curonian Lagoon. It is the largest lake in the delta region, covering 7.93 km², and the only lake of marine origin in Lithuania.
LOGGING TASKS
To log this EarthCache as FOUND IT you have to answer the following questions:
(Look at the listing, read the information boards and observe the nature at this point!)
1) Name at least three types of deltas?
2) What type of delta is the Nemunas Delta?
3) How big is the "Nemunas Delta Regional Park" and when was it established? (according to Information Board 1)
4) How big is the island formed by the river Atmata and Skirvyte? (according to Information Board 2)
5) Observe the nature at the photopoint and describe the current on the shore at this point.
6) Can you spot fresh deposits? If yes, which?
7) Can we expect a strong change in the delta in the near future?
8) Please add an on-site photo of you or a personal item as a proof of visit to your log! This is a logging requirement according to the EarthCache Guidelines from June 10th, 2019!
Send us your answers by mail: gc[at]dieeddys.de
Please write in the subject: " Nemuno delta + Nickname".
Please do not write any answers in the log!
After that you are directly allowed to log this EarthCache as FOUND IT!
We will contact you, if there are any problems.
Attention:
Logs without photo and answering these questions will be deleted.
Responsibility sample photo / Atsakomybės pavyzdinė nuotrauka:
Šaltinių nuorodos:
- Cachelisting
- informacinės lentos
- internetas
Šiame sąraše esančios nuotraukos buvo padarytos dieeddys 2022 m. liepos 25 d.
Ypatingas ačiū GeoAwareEU1 apžvalgininkui už palaikymą!
Source references:
- Cachelisting
- information boards
- internet
The photos in this listing were taken by dieeddys on July, 25rd, 2022.
Special thanks to GeoAwareEU1 Reviewer for his support!
Mėgaukitės vieta ir talpykla! Laimingas kaupimas talpykloje:
Enjoy the place and the cache! Happy caching:
Norite suvenyro ar banerio:
You want a souvenir or a banner:
Naudokite šį kodą:
Use this code:
<p><a href="https://coord.info/GC9WJT3" target="_blank" alt="Nemuno delta / Nemunas Delta / Memeldelta GC9WJT3 by dieeddys" title="Nemuno delta / Nemunas Delta / Memeldelta GC9WJT3 by dieeddys"><img src="https://s3.amazonaws.com/gs-geo-images/aab1c207-7ec5-4f35-9b3d-d8b801ecdc90_l.jpg"/></a><p>
Pavojus! Talpykla paslėpta pasienio zonoje (ne pasienio zonoje). Čia būti nereikia leidimo. Su savimi reikia turėti tik pasą arba asmens tapatybės kortelę
Danger! The cache is hidden in the borderland (not in the border area). You do not need a permit to be here. Only a passport or an identity card is to be carried!
Achtung! Der Cache ist im Grenzland versteckt (nicht im Grenzgebiet). Sie benötigen keine Erlaubnis, um hier zu sein. Nur ein Reisepass oder ein Personalausweis ist mitzuführen!
Additional Hints
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