Malta is known for its abundance of limestone, which is a sedimentary rock composed primarily of calcite. The calcite found on Malta is typically white or light-colored, although it may contain impurities that give it a slightly yellow, gray, or brown hue.

Calcite is a mineral that is commonly found in Malta, particularly in the form of limestone. Limestone is a sedimentary rock composed primarily of calcite, formed from the accumulation of skeletal fragments of marine organisms over millions of years.

The process of calcite formation in Malta began during the Miocene period, approximately 23 to 5.3 million years ago. During this time, Malta was part of a shallow sea that covered much of the Mediterranean region. The sea was home to a diverse array of marine life, including coral, shellfish, and other organisms that secreted calcium carbonate, which is the primary component of calcite.

Over time, these calcium carbonate deposits accumulated and were subjected to intense pressure and heat, causing them to solidify and form limestone. Today, the limestone formations in Malta are a testament to the rich geological history of the region and provide valuable insights into the ancient marine environments that once existed there.

Calcite crystals can form in cavities through a process called precipitation. When water that is rich in dissolved calcium carbonate (CaCO3) seeps into a cavity or fissure in a rock or mineral, it can begin to deposit calcite crystals on the walls of the cavity.

The formation of calcite crystals in cavities is typically influenced by several factors, including temperature, pressure, the presence of other minerals, and the amount of time the water remains in the cavity. For example, higher temperatures and pressures can lead to faster crystal growth, while the presence of other minerals can affect the size and shape of the calcite crystals.

The process of crystal formation begins when the water in the cavity becomes oversaturated with calcium carbonate, causing the excess to precipitate out of solution and begin to form solid crystals on the walls of the cavity. As the crystals continue to grow, they can take on a variety of shapes and sizes depending on the conditions within the cavity.

Over time, calcite crystals can grow to fill an entire cavity, creating impressive and intricate formations such as stalactites, stalagmites, and flowstones. These formations are commonly found in caves and other underground spaces, where the slow drip of water over thousands of years can create stunning natural wonders.

Calcite is a mineral that can come in a range of colors, including white, gray, yellow, red, green, blue, and orange. The color of calcite comes from a variety of sources, depending on the type and location of the deposit.

For example, white calcite is usually formed from sedimentary deposits of calcium carbonate, which is the primary component of the mineral. The lack of impurities and the crystal structure of the mineral contribute to its white color.

Other colors of calcite may be the result of impurities or the presence of other minerals.

• Iron: yellow, brown (e.g. "honey calcite")
• Cobalt: pink, purple, violet (e.g. cobalt calcite)
• Manganese: violet
• Zinc: gray

Honey calcite which can be found on Malta is a type of calcite mineral that is characterized by its yellow, golden, or honey-colored hue. It is often translucent or semi-transparent, and can have a waxy or vitreous (glassy) luster.

Honey calcite is formed from the same calcium carbonate-rich deposits that give rise to other types of calcite, but its distinctive color comes from the presence of iron and other minerals in the crystal structure of the mineral. These impurities can also give honey calcite interesting patterns and banding, making it a popular stone for lapidary work and decorative purposes.

Geodes

Geode is a non-uniformly used term from geology and mineralogy, which, depending on the source, describes a rounded cavity, delimited by a uniform outer layer of rock, and/or the filling with mineral or fossil substance caused by various geological processes. If a residual cavity remains when filled with crystals, this is also referred to as a druse and when completely filled as an almond.

Sedimentary geodes

Geodes can form in the sedimentary formation space by precipitation from the pore water and from running waters around a sedimentation nucleus, which usually consists of organic residues. The precipitation is triggered by pH value differences around the crystallization nucleus, which is usually fossilized in the process. The precipitated material usually differs in the substance composition from the mineral composition in the immediate vicinity. The deposition is mostly concentric and reflects the changing depositional conditions during rock formation. Toneisenstein geodes can often be observed in the sedimentary area, but carbonate minerals, pyrite or marcasite and various quartz varieties are also involved in the structure of the geodes.

A geode is a hollow or partially hollow rock that contains a cavity lined with crystals or other minerals. Geodes are typically formed by geological processes that involve the precipitation of minerals within rock cavities or voids.

A sedimentary geode is a type of geode that is formed within sedimentary rocks, such as limestone or shale. These geodes are typically formed when a cavity or void in the sedimentary rock becomes filled with mineral-rich fluids, which then crystallize over time. The minerals that line the interior of the geode can include quartz, calcite, amethyst, and other minerals.

Sedimentary geodes are often found in areas where sedimentary rocks have been subjected to tectonic activity, erosion, or other geological processes that expose them to the surface. They are commonly collected by rockhounds and geology enthusiasts, and can be used for decorative or educational purposes. Sedimentary geodes can also provide valuable insights into the geological history of an area, as the minerals that line the interior of the geode can provide clues about the conditions under which they were formed.

A geode develops when minerals slowly deposit inside a cavity or void within a rock. The process of geode formation can take millions of years and typically involves several stages:

1. Formation of a Cavity: The first step in geode formation is the creation of a cavity or void within a rock. This can happen in a variety of ways, such as the dissolution of minerals by groundwater or the formation of gas pockets during volcanic activity.

2. Introduction of Mineral-Rich Fluids: Once a cavity has formed, mineral-rich fluids from surrounding rock layers can seep into the cavity. These fluids can contain a variety of dissolved minerals, such as quartz, calcite, or amethyst.

3. Precipitation of Minerals: As the mineral-rich fluids enter the cavity, they begin to cool and the minerals they contain begin to precipitate out of solution. Over time, these minerals accumulate and grow into crystals, often forming layers or bands of different colors and textures.

4. Continued Growth and Development: Geodes can continue to grow and develop over millions of years as additional mineral-rich fluids enter the cavity and deposit more minerals onto the crystal surfaces. The size, shape, and texture of the geode can change over time as a result of these ongoing processes.

5. Exposure and Extraction: Geodes can be exposed through natural processes such as erosion, or they can be extracted from the surrounding rock through mining or quarrying. Once extracted, geodes can be cut open to reveal their crystal-lined interiors or used for decorative or educational purposes.

Calcite crystallizes following the trigonal crystal system. The crystals are prismatic, rhombohedral and scalenohedral. Calcite crystals are often fused into twins or multiples. The aggregates are very diverse: ranging from massive and granular to oolitic and stalactite to columnar or powdery - among all known minerals there is no other mineral with such a variety of forms as calcite.

To log this Eartcache, go to the given coordinates and answer the following questions via email or the message center.

Lock against the wall and analyze the 3 areas as shown in the picture.

1. What will you see in area 1. Describe the dfifferent textures and colours.

2. What will you see in area 2 Describe the dfifferent textures and colours.

3. what will you see in area 3. Describe the dfifferent textures and colours.

4. Can you see geodes in this wall. If yes, decribe the structure inside the geode.
What kind of chrystal will you see. More singular ones, many chrystals close to each other?

Sources
steine-und-minerale.de
wikipedia.de

Photos
Own pictures
wikipedia

Calcit - Ġeoloġija tal-għaġeb fuq Malta

Malta hija magħrufa għall-abbundanza tagħha ta’ ġebla tal-franka, li hija blata sedimentarja magħmula primarjament minn kalċita. Il-kalċita li tinsab f’Malta hija tipikament abjad jew ta’ kulur ċar, għalkemm jista’ jkun fiha impuritajiet li jagħtuh lewn kemxejn isfar, griż jew kannella.

Il-kalċite huwa minerali li jinsab komunement f'Malta, partikolarment fil-forma ta' ġebla tal-franka. Il-ġebel tal-ġir huwa blat sedimentarju magħmul primarjament minn kalċit, iffurmat mill-akkumulazzjoni ta 'frammenti skeletriċi ta' organiżmi tal-baħar fuq miljuni ta 'snin.

Il-proċess tal-formazzjoni tal-kalċita f’Malta beda matul il-perjodu Mijoċen, bejn wieħed u ieħor 23 sa 5.3 miljun sena ilu. Matul dan iż-żmien, Malta kienet parti minn baħar baxx li kien jkopri ħafna mir-reġjun tal-Mediterran. Il-baħar kien dar għal firxa diversa ta 'ħajja tal-baħar, inkluż qroll, molluski, u organiżmi oħra li ħarġu karbonat tal-kalċju, li huwa l-komponent primarju tal-kalċite.

Maż-żmien, dawn id-depożiti tal-karbonat tal-kalċju akkumulaw u ġew soġġetti għal pressjoni u sħana intensa, u wassluhom biex jissolidifikaw u jiffurmaw ġebla tal-franka. Illum, il-formazzjonijiet tal-franka f’Malta huma xhieda tal-istorja ġeoloġika rikka tar-reġjun u jipprovdu għarfien siewi dwar l-ambjenti tal-baħar antiki li darba kienu jeżistu hemmhekk.

Il-kristalli tal-kalċite jistgħu jiffurmaw fil-kavitajiet permezz ta 'proċess imsejjaħ preċipitazzjoni. Meta l-ilma li huwa rikk fil-karbonat tal-kalċju maħlul (CaCO3) seeps f'kavità jew fissura f'blat jew minerali, jista 'jibda jiddepożita kristalli tal-kalċju fuq il-ħitan tal-kavità.

Il-formazzjoni ta 'kristalli tal-kalċite fil-kavitajiet hija tipikament influwenzata minn diversi fatturi, inklużi t-temperatura, il-pressjoni, il-preżenza ta' minerali oħra, u l-ammont ta 'ħin li l-ilma jibqa' fil-kavità. Pereżempju, temperaturi u pressjonijiet ogħla jistgħu jwasslu għal tkabbir aktar mgħaġġel tal-kristalli, filwaqt li l-preżenza ta 'minerali oħra tista' taffettwa d-daqs u l-forma tal-kristalli tal-kalċite.

Il-proċess tal-formazzjoni tal-kristall jibda meta l-ilma fil-kavità isir saturat iżżejjed bil-karbonat tal-kalċju, u jikkawża li l-eċċess jippreċipita mis-soluzzjoni u jibda jifforma kristalli solidi fuq il-ħitan tal-kavità. Hekk kif il-kristalli jkomplu jikbru, jistgħu jieħdu varjetà ta 'forom u daqsijiet skont il-kundizzjonijiet fil-kavità.

Maż-żmien, il-kristalli tal-kalċite jistgħu jikbru biex jimlew kavità sħiħa, u joħolqu formazzjonijiet impressjonanti u kkomplikati bħal stalactites, stalagmites, u flowstones. Dawn il-formazzjonijiet huma komunement misjuba fl-għerien u spazji oħra taħt l-art, fejn it-taqtir bil-mod ta 'l-ilma fuq eluf ta' snin jista 'joħloq meravilji naturali tal-isturdament.

Il-kalċite huwa minerali li jista 'jiġi f'firxa ta' kuluri, inkluż abjad, griż, isfar, aħmar, aħdar, blu u oranġjo. Il-kulur tal-kalċite ġej minn varjetà ta 'sorsi, skond it-tip u l-post tad-depożitu.

Per eżempju, calcite abjad huwa ġeneralment iffurmat minn depożiti sedimentarji ta 'karbonat tal-kalċju, li huwa l-komponent primarju tal-minerali. In-nuqqas ta 'impuritajiet u l-istruttura tal-kristall tal-minerali jikkontribwixxu għall-kulur abjad tiegħu.

Kuluri oħra ta 'calcite jistgħu jkunu r-riżultat ta' impuritajiet jew il-preżenza ta 'minerali oħra.

     Ħadid: isfar, kannella (eż. "kalċit tal-għasel")
     Kobalt: roża, vjola, vjola (eż. calcite tal-kobalt)
     Manganiż: vjola
     Żingu: griż

Il-kalċita tal-għasel li tista' tinstab f'Malta hija tip ta' minerali tal-kalċita li hija kkaratterizzata mill-lewn isfar, dehbi jew kulur l-għasel tiegħu. Ħafna drabi huwa trasluċidu jew semi-trasparenti, u jista 'jkollu tleqqija tax-xama' jew vitruża (ħġieġa).

Il-kalċit tal-għasel huwa ffurmat mill-istess depożiti b'ħafna karbonat tal-kalċju li jagħtu lok għal tipi oħra ta 'kalċit, iżda l-kulur distintiv tiegħu ġej mill-preżenza ta' ħadid u minerali oħra fl-istruttura tal-kristall tal-minerali. Dawn l-impuritajiet jistgħu wkoll jagħtu l-għasel calcite mudelli interessanti u banding, li jagħmilha ġebla popolari għal xogħol lapidarju u skopijiet dekorattivi.

Geodes

Geode huwa terminu użat b'mod mhux uniformi mill-ġeoloġija u l-mineraloġija, li, skond is-sors, jiddeskrivi kavità fit-tond, delimitata minn saff ta 'barra uniformi ta' blat, u/jew il-mili b'sustanza minerali jew fossili kkawżata minn diversi proċessi ġeoloġiċi. Jekk tibqa’ kavità residwa meta tkun mimlija bil-kristalli, din tissejjaħ ukoll druse u meta timtela kompletament bħala lewż.

Ġeodi sedimentarji

Il-ġeodi jistgħu jiffurmaw fl-ispazju tal-formazzjoni sedimentarja permezz ta 'preċipitazzjoni mill-ilma tal-pori u mill-ilma ġieri madwar nukleu ta' sedimentazzjoni, li ġeneralment jikkonsisti f'residwi organiċi. Il-preċipitazzjoni hija attivata minn differenzi fil-valur tal-pH madwar in-nukleu tal-kristallizzazzjoni, li ġeneralment jiġi fossilizzat fil-proċess. Il-materjal preċipitat normalment ivarja fil-kompożizzjoni tas-sustanza mill-kompożizzjoni minerali fil-viċinanza immedjata. Id-depożizzjoni hija l-aktar konċentrika u tirrifletti l-kundizzjonijiet depożizzjonali li qed jinbidlu matul il-formazzjoni tal-blat. Ġeodi Toneisenstein spiss jistgħu jiġu osservati fiż-żona sedimentarja, iżda minerali karbonati, pirite jew marcasite u varjetajiet varji tal-kwarz huma wkoll involuti fl-istruttura tal-ġeodi.

Geode huwa blat vojt jew parzjalment vojt li fih kavità miksija bi kristalli jew minerali oħra. Il-ġeodi huma tipikament iffurmati minn proċessi ġeoloġiċi li jinvolvu l-preċipitazzjoni ta 'minerali fi ħdan kavitajiet jew vojt tal-blat.

Geode sedimentarju huwa tip ta 'geode li huwa ffurmat fi ħdan blat sedimentarju, bħal ġebla tal-ġir jew shale. Dawn il-ġeodi huma tipikament iffurmati meta kavità jew vojt fil-blat sedimentarju jimtela bi fluwidi b'ħafna minerali, li mbagħad jikkristallizzaw maż-żmien. Il-minerali li jgħaqqdu l-intern tal-ġeodu jistgħu jinkludu kwarz, calcite, amethyst, u minerali oħra.

Ġeodi sedimentarji ħafna drabi jinstabu f'żoni fejn il-blat sedimentarju ġie soġġett għal attività tettonika, erożjoni, jew proċessi ġeoloġiċi oħra li jesponuhom għall-wiċċ. Huma komunement miġbura minn rockhounds u dilettanti tal-ġeoloġija, u jistgħu jintużaw għal skopijiet dekorattivi jew edukattivi. Il-ġeodi sedimentarji jistgħu wkoll jipprovdu għarfien siewi dwar l-istorja ġeoloġika ta 'żona, peress li l-minerali li jġorru l-intern tal-ġeodu jistgħu jipprovdu ħjiel dwar il-kundizzjonijiet li taħthom ġew iffurmati.

Ġeodu jiżviluppa meta l-minerali jiddepożitaw bil-mod ġewwa kavità jew vojt ġewwa blat. Il-proċess tal-formazzjoni tal-ġeodu jista' jieħu miljuni ta' snin u tipikament jinvolvi diversi stadji:

1. Formazzjoni ta 'Kavità: L-ewwel pass fil-formazzjoni ta' geode huwa l-ħolqien ta 'kavità jew vojt fi ħdan blat. Dan jista 'jiġri f'varjetà ta' modi, bħax-xoljiment ta 'minerali mill-ilma ta' taħt l-art jew il-formazzjoni ta 'bwiet tal-gass waqt attività vulkanika.

2. Introduzzjoni ta 'Fluwidi Minerali Sinjuri: Ladarba kavità tkun iffurmata, fluwidi rikki f'minerali minn saffi tal-blat tal-madwar jistgħu jidħlu fil-kavità. Dawn il-fluwidi jista 'jkun fihom varjetà ta' minerali maħlul, bħal kwarz, calcite, jew amethyst.

3. Preċipitazzjoni tal-Minerali: Hekk kif il-fluwidi b'ħafna minerali jidħlu fil-kavità, jibdew jibred u l-minerali li fihom jibdew jippreċipitaw mis-soluzzjoni. Maż-żmien, dawn il-minerali jakkumulaw u jikbru fi kristalli, ħafna drabi jiffurmaw saffi jew meded ta 'kuluri u nisġa differenti.

4. Tkabbir u Żvilupp Kontinwi: Geodes jistgħu jkomplu jikbru u jiżviluppaw fuq miljuni ta 'snin hekk kif fluwidi addizzjonali b'ħafna minerali jidħlu fil-kavità u jiddepożitaw aktar minerali fuq l-uċuħ tal-kristall. Id-daqs, il-forma, u n-nisġa tal-ġeodu jistgħu jinbidlu maż-żmien bħala riżultat ta 'dawn il-proċessi li għaddejjin.

5. Espożizzjoni u Estrazzjoni: Il-ġeodi jistgħu jiġu esposti permezz ta 'proċessi naturali bħall-erożjoni, jew jistgħu jiġu estratti mill-blat tal-madwar permezz ta' minjieri jew barrieri. Ladarba estratti, geodes jistgħu jinqatgħu miftuħa biex jiżvelaw l-interjuri miksija bil-kristall tagħhom jew jintużaw għal skopijiet dekorattivi jew edukattivi.

Il-kalċite jikkristallizza wara s-sistema tal-kristall trigonali. Il-kristalli huma priżmatiċi, rhombohedral u scalenohedral. Il-kristalli tal-kalċite ħafna drabi huma mdewba f'tewmin jew multipli. L-aggregati huma diversi ħafna: li jvarjaw minn massivi u granulari għal oolitiċi u stalaktiti għal kolonni jew trab - fost il-minerali magħrufa kollha m'hemm l-ebda minerali ieħor b'varjetà bħal din ta 'forom bħal calcite.

Biex tilloggja dan l-Eartcache, mur fil-koordinati mogħtija u wieġeb il-mistoqsijiet li ġejjin permezz tal-email jew iċ-ċentru tal-messaġġi.

Lock mal-ħajt u analizza t-3 żoni kif muri fl-istampa.

1. X'se tara fiż-żona 1. Iddeskrivi n-nisġa u l-kuluri differenti.

2. X'se tara fiż-żona 2 Iddeskrivi n-nisġa u l-kuluri differenti.

3. x'se tara fiż-żona 3. Iddeskrivi n-nisġa u l-kuluri differenti.

4. Tista 'tara geodes f'dan il-ħajt. Jekk iva, iddeskrivi l-istruttura ġewwa l-geode.
X'tip ta 'kristall se tara. Aktar singulari, ħafna kristalli qrib xulxin?

Sorsi
steine-und-minerale.de
wikipedia.de

Ritratti
Stampi proprji
wikipedia