Al Hajar Mountains
The Al Hajar Mountains, located in Oman and the United Arab Emirates, are a result of tectonic processes that occurred millions of years ago. These mountains are primarily formed by the collision of the Arabian Plate with the Eurasian Plate, a process known as continental collision or convergence.
The formation of the Al Hajar Mountains began during the late Cretaceous period, around 100 million years ago, and continued through the Cenozoic era. The collision between the Arabian Plate and the Eurasian Plate caused intense compression and folding of the Earth's crust in the region. This compression led to the uplift of vast sections of the Earth's crust, forming mountain ranges including the Al Hajar Mountains.
Additionally, the tectonic activity in the region also resulted in the formation of deep valleys, rugged cliffs, and steep slopes characteristic of the Al Hajar Mountains. Over millions of years, erosion processes, including weathering and the action of rivers and glaciers, have further shaped the landscape of the Al Hajar Mountains.
Overall, the formation of the Al Hajar Mountains is a complex geological process that occurred over millions of years due to the tectonic activity associated with the collision of the Arabian and Eurasian Plates.
Georoamer, CC BY-SA 4.0 <https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0>, via Wikimedia Commons
Jebel Shams / Wadi Ghul / Wadi Nakhr
Jebel Shams is the highest mountain in Oman and the Al Hajar mountains 3009m.
The trail starts near the Jebel Shams Resort and follows a path along the rim of the canyon, offering breathtaking views of Wadi Nakhr, also known as the Grand Canyon of Oman.
The canyon cuts through predominantly Cretaceous rocks.
Erosion processes in Wadi Ghul
Once the Hajar Mountains were uplifted from the tectonic activity, rainfall and surface water began to shape the landscape. Wadi Ghul was carved out by the erosive force of water flowing from the mountains down into the valleys. Over time, the rushing water cut through the layers of rock, creating the deep canyon we see today.
The type of rock and geological structure in the area played a significant role in the formation of Wadi Ghul. The Al Hajar Mountains are primarily composed of limestone and other sedimentary rocks that are relatively soft and susceptible to erosion by water.
Erosion in Wadi Ghul is an ongoing process. While water is the primary agent of erosion, wind and weathering also contribute to the sculpting of the canyon walls. As the wadi continues to erode, it deepens and widens, gradually shaping the landscape over geological timescales.
Overall, Wadi Ghul formed through a combination of tectonic activity and the erosive power of water over millions of years. It stands as a testament to the dynamic forces that shape the Earth's surface and the remarkable beauty of Oman's natural landscapes.
How to get there
Go there by car. A 4WD is not required (unlike to Jebel Akhdar) but at least a SUV is recommended, though I've seen smaller cars making it. About 10 km of the road is unpaved and quite steep. There are a lot of tour companies offering day trips to the balcony walk and the tasks should allow to do the earchcache while traveling with an organized group tour. There are toilets available (0.5 OMR) as well as a store/cafe (closed during day hours in Ramadan).
Balcony Walk W6
W6 The Balcony Trail in Jebel Shams is a popular hiking trail located in the Jebel Shams mountain range in Oman. The trail is relatively easy to moderate in difficulty, making it suitable for hikers of various skill levels. However, it's important to exercise caution as there are some steep sections along the way. Be careful!
The Balcony Trail is a fantastic opportunity for outdoor enthusiasts to immerse themselves in the natural beauty of Oman's mountains while enjoying a memorable hiking experience.
The entire trail (forth and back) is about 5 miles / 8 km long and takes about 4 hours round trip. The elevation change is about 200m. Please bring sufficient water and sun protection. It can get really cold up here, so keep that in mind as well. The trail leads to an abandoned village. While the trail isn't necessarily difficult, bringing suitable shoes is required. People with a fear of heights might feel uncomfortable.
Logging Tasks
Stage 1 (posted coordinates):
1. Look at the canyon. What processes did contribute to its formation? Name at least two steps of the formation process and explain your answers shortly.
Stage 2:
2. Sit down and look straight ahead. How would you describe the shape of the surface of the mountains in front of you?
Stage 3:
3. Estimate the width of the canyon
4. Look down and describe the surface of the Wadi. Do you think the canyon will widen through the years? If yes, for what reason.
5. Take a photo of you, your nickname written on something (e.g. a paper) or your GPS to proof your physical visit to the canyon.
Optional:
6. If you decide to walk towards the end of the walk, take a photo of you, your gps or a paper with your nickname at the hidden pool.
You can submit the answers via the Message center or email. You can log right away without waiting for my response, I will reach out to you if there is a problem with your answers.
Have fun! Please bring good shoes, lots of water and sun protection with you. You will walk near a cliff with a steep drop, so be extra careful! You are walking at your own risk.