Peepholes, also known as door viewers or spyholes, have a history that traces back centuries. The earliest forms of peepholes were simple openings in doors, often covered by a small shutter or grille, allowing individuals to observe outside without fully opening the door. These were primarily found in medieval and ancient architecture, serving both practical and security purposes.
However, the more recognizable modern peepholes began to emerge in the 19th century. In 1846, the first patent for a peephole device was filed by Samuel S. Peck in New York, USA. This early version consisted of a small fisheye lens placed within a metal casing, providing a wide-angle view of the outside.
Throughout the 20th century, advancements in materials and manufacturing techniques led to the development of more refined and durable peephole designs. These included improvements in lens quality, such as the introduction of glass lenses for clearer viewing, and enhancements in installation methods to accommodate various door thicknesses.
In recent years, with the rise of smart home technology, peepholes have evolved further. Digital peepholes equipped with cameras and screens allow homeowners to view visitors remotely through smartphone apps or dedicated monitors, offering enhanced security and convenience.
Overall, the history of peepholes reflects the enduring need for security and surveillance in architectural design, evolving from simple openings to sophisticated devices integrated into modern smart home systems.