The Sea of Galilee, also known as Lake Kinneret, is the largest freshwater lake in Israel and one of the lowest freshwater lakes in the world, situated approximately 210 meters below sea level. The lake spans about 166 square kilometers, with a maximum length of 21 kilometers and a width of 13 kilometers. Its average depth is around 25 meters, though it can reach depths of over 40 meters in some areas.
The formation of the Sea of Galilee is linked to tectonic activity along the Jordan Rift Valley, a segment of the larger Great Rift Valley that extends from Syria to East Africa. This geological movement led to the depression that formed the basin of the lake. The Sea of Galilee is primarily fed by the Jordan River, which flows in from the north and continues southward into the Dead Sea. Additionally, the lake benefits from smaller tributaries and seasonal rainfall.
Throughout history, the Sea of Galilee has played a crucial role in the livelihood and culture of the surrounding region. In biblical times, it was a vital source of food and transportation, with fishing serving as a primary occupation for many residents. The lake is famously associated with the life and ministry of Jesus Christ, as several significant events from the New Testament, including walking on water and the miraculous feeding of the multitude, are believed to have taken place there.
Beyond its religious significance, the Sea of Galilee has been a key water source for Israel. Since ancient times, it has supplied fresh water for drinking, agriculture, and industry. The National Water Carrier, a major infrastructure project completed in the 1960s, transports water from the lake to drier parts of the country, supporting both urban and agricultural development.
Today, the Sea of Galilee remains an important center for tourism, recreation, and ecological conservation. Visitors flock to its shores for boating, swimming, and hiking in the surrounding hills. Efforts to maintain its water levels and ecosystem are ongoing, as the lake continues to be a treasured natural resource for Israel and the region as a whole.
