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Biotite - DPEC180 EarthCache

Hidden : 7/8/2025
Difficulty:
2 out of 5
Terrain:
1 out of 5

Size: Size:   other (other)

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Geocache Description:


Biotite (K(Mg,Fe)3(OH,F)2(Al,Fe)Si3O10) é um mineral comum da classe dos silicatos, subclasse dos filossilicatos , grupo das micas e subgrupo ferromagnesianas, formando uma série com o mineral flogopita, que contem na sua composição potássio, magnésio, ferro e alumínio. Cristaliza no sistema monoclínico, apresentando brilho nacarado a metálico.

Por vezes é denominado de "mica de ferro" e é encontrado em rochas graníticas, gneisses e xistos cristalinos. Como outros minerais de mica a biotita tem uma clivagem basal perfeita, portanto, suas lâminas flexíveis lascam-se facilmente. Tem uma dureza de 2,5 a 3, densidade de 2,7 a 3,1 e sua coloração varia de verde escuro, pardo a negro, podendo ser transparente a opaco. A biotita é encontrada ocasionalmente em folhas grandes, especialmente em veios de pegmatite, e ocorre também como contato de rocha metamórfica ou produto da alteração da hornblenda, augite, wernerite, e minerais similares. É usado como isolante elétrico.

A Cache:

No local das coordenadas, fica de frente para a loja, procura o pilar do lado esquerdo, localiza o bloco tapado conforme mostrado na imagem e responde a estas perguntas simples. A cache é acessível a cadeiras de rodas.

Pergunta 1 – Identifica os cristais de biotite pela sua cor preta em contraste com o fundo bege da rocha. Estão agrupados em massas ou disseminados? (Respostas aceites: a biotite ocorre em massas / a biotite está disseminada)

Pergunta 2 – Já que identificaste a biotite, qual é o tamanho médio dos cristais? (Pode observá-los MUITO BEM. São do tamanho de milímetrico, centímetrico ou ainda maiores?)

Pergunta 3 – Consegues ver um alinhamento da biotite ou estão dispostos aleatoriamente na rocha? (Respostas aceites: alinhados / aleatórios)

Biotite is a common group of phyllosilicate minerals within the mica group, with the approximate chemical formula K(Mg,Fe)3AlSi3O10(F,OH)2. It is primarily a solid-solution series between the iron-endmember annite, and the magnesium-endmember phlogopite; more aluminous end-members include siderophyllite and eastonite. Biotite was regarded as a mineral species by the International Mineralogical Association until 1998, when its status was changed to a mineral group. The term biotite is still used to describe unanalysed dark micas in the field. Biotite was named by J.F.L. Hausmann in 1847 in honor of the French physicist Jean-Baptiste Biot, who performed early research into the many optical properties of mica. (Source Wikipedia)

Biotite is typical a platy mineral and black in colour. Of the same type, there is muscovite (white/silvery in clour) and phlogopite (golden in clour) - This is how you can tell these very common rock-forming minerals apart in a rock.

The cache:

On site, face the shop, look for the left-hand side pillar, seek the blocked out block as in the image and answer these simple questions. The cache is wheelchair accessible.

Question 1 - Identify the biotite crystals by their black colour against the beige background of the rock mass. Are they massed together? or disseminated? (Accepted answers: biotite occurs in masses / biotite is disseminated)

Question 2 - Since you have identified the biotite, what is the average size of the crystals? (you can see them VERY WELL; Are they mm-size, cm-size or even larger?)

Question 3 - Do you see an alignment of the biotite or are they set randomly in the rock mass? (Accepted answers: Aligned / random)

 

 
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